Water Bodies and Water Resources of the Kyrgyz Republic and Challenges in Their Transboundary Use
The article studies the geography of water bodies and water resources of Kyrgyzstan and examines the dynamics of water management related to the restructuring of the water sector under the new conditions of economic development in different countries. The
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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Water Bodies and Water Resources 3 Transboundary River Allocation Issues 4 Conclusions References
Abstract The article studies the geography of water bodies and water resources of Kyrgyzstan and examines the dynamics of water management related to the restructuring of the water sector under the new conditions of economic development in different countries. The article analyzes expert opinions to the Kyrgyz Republic standpoints on using transboundary water resources in Central Asia. The article presents expert recommendations for solving the problems of cross-border water sharing and offers a number of measures and activities to address them, among which international legal initiatives should play a decisive role. Keywords Central Asia, Kyrgyz Republic, Water resources management, Water supply, Water use
S. K. Alamanov (*) Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Adyshev Institute of Geology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic e-mail: [email protected] E. A. Markova Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia e-mail: [email protected] Igor S. Zonn, Sergey S. Zhiltsov, Andrey G. Kostianoy, and Aleksandr V. Semenov (eds.), Water Resources Management in Central Asia, Hdb Env Chem, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_619, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
S. K. Alamanov and E. A. Markova
1 Introduction Water resources in the countries of Central Asia are characterized by their unequal distribution and used by the countries along the main basins of the Syr-Darya and Amu Darya rivers which cross the borders of several countries as transboundary flows. The assessment of river water resources and the issues on their use have been the subject of disputes between governments and water management institutions in the Central Asian republics of the former Soviet Union. The collapse of the USSR in 1991 and the formation of the independent states such as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan escalated disputes due to the divergence of their national interests and priorities. A unified water management system previously regulated by decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union met the fundamental interests of the country but impeded the development of water management in the republics. In the post-Soviet period, the problem of water resources distribution counting rational and optimal use was under discussion at intergovernmental and regional levels, not only with the stances taken by the heads of states but also by the international organizations and the United Nations General Assembly. The parties propose different solutions on interstate use of water resources, but they still have not reached a full understanding currently. The exchange of objective information on water resources and their use in the regions of the countries, as well as opinions on optimizing water use based on goodwill, is the only way to contribute into the convergence of positions and the mutually a
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