Water Conservation, Recycling and Reuse: Issues and Challenges
Water - a basic element of life, livelihood, food security and sustainable development - holds the key to global sustainability. The global water demand has been increased 3-fold in the past five decades and only 0.4% of the total world’s fresh water reso
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onservation, Recycling and Reuse: Issues and Challenges
Water Conservation, Recycling and Reuse: Issues and Challenges
Rajeev Pratap Singh • Alan S. Kolok Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt Editors
Water Conservation, Recycling and Reuse: Issues and Challenges
Editors Rajeev Pratap Singh Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Alan S. Kolok Idaho Water Resources Research Institute University of Idaho Moscow, ID, USA
Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska–Lincoln Lincoln, NE, USA
ISBN 978-981-13-3178-7 ISBN 978-981-13-3179-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3179-4
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018968145 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
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Foreword
Water contamination is as old as civilization, with metals, industrial effluent, and human sewage taking the lead in stamping our historical footprint on the planet’s lakes, streams, and rivers. Over time, we have become a bit wiser as global citizens, successfully reducing our legacy of contamination from these traditional sources. Like peeling an onion, however, each layer of contamination we remove unmasks contaminants below. These emergent contaminants share a common story line: they are present in municipal and industrial wastewater discharge. As we attempt to change the water resource paradigm from divided sectors of water supply and wastewater discharge to a One Water world, research into the removal, neutralization, and bioremediation of traditional and emergent contaminants i
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