Waterworks Sludge: An Underrated Material for Beneficial Reuse in Water and Environmental Engineering
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Waterworks Sludge: An Underrated Material for Beneficial Reuse in Water and Environmental Engineering Yaqian Zhao1 · Ange Nzihou2 · Baiming Ren2,3 · Nathalie Lyczko2 · Cheng Shen3 · Chun Kang1 · Bin Ji1 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Waterworks sludge refers to the inevitable suspended and dissolved solids produced during the water purification process when producing tap water where Al-salt and/or Fe-salt are used as coagulant worldwide. Waterworks sludge is dewatered and the resultant cakes have been treated as “waste” for landfill as their major final disposal solution for a long time in practice. As waterworks sludge is the residual of potable water treatment process, it is not harmful and without toxic elements such as heavy metals in most cases in comparison to sewage sludges for instance. Actually, waterworks sludge is an underrated material with huge potential for beneficial reuse as raw material in water and environmental engineering. However, little was significantly progressed on this topic until the last two decades. Research and development (R&D) with special interest and focus on waterworks sludge reuse was conducted in our group in the last 15 years and this paper reports and discusses the main work and its novel application profile. Overall, it is believed that the R&D of waterworks sludge is useful and will help to develop national strategy of the entire waterworks sludge management, allowing its transformation from a “waste” into value-added products, and thus contribute to sustainable development. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Adsorption · Waterworks sludge · Phosphorus · Reuse · Waste disposal
* Yaqian Zhao [email protected] * Ange Nzihou ange.nzihou@mines‑albi.fr Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Statement of Novelty Water treatment sludge (WTS) has been an underrated material for a long time. It is generated during the water purification process with coagulant (Al- or/and Fe-salt)
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residuals while being without toxic elements and heavy metals. Indeed, it harbours huge potential in beneficial reuse as a raw material in water and environmental engineering. This paper outlines and assesses several novel reuse strategies developed in our group for promoting WTS reuse in wastewater and sewage sludge treatment processes. These include reuse as a low-cost adsorbent; as a main substrate in constructed wetlands; as a primary coagulant for high strength wastewater treatment; as a conditioner for co-conditioning/ dewatering with sewage sludge; and as a novel material for H2S/odor gas purification, thus turning it from a “waste” into value-added products and contribute to sustainable development.
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