Wearable Sensors
It has been recognised that body-centric communications (BCC) will play a significant role in 4G and subsequent technologies. BCC is an area of much interest globally, with applications in military, security, space, health care, sports and entertainment a
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Abstract It has been recognised that body-centric communications (BCC) will play a significant role in 4G and subsequent technologies. BCC is an area of much interest globally, with applications in military, security, space, health care, sports and entertainment already identified. From a technical perspective, many of the problems encountered in BCC systems are relatively independent of the specific application, with some minor distinctions. In particular, space and military applications have particular requirements on robustness and extreme operating conditions that are somewhat more relaxed in other areas. The fundamental design issues are examined in this chapter from the perspective of three main areas: antennas, wireless communication protocols and sensing technologies. Examples from health care and sports applications are used to demonstrate key concepts and challenges. Current and future trends are discussed, with an emphasis on the recently released IEEE 802.15.6 wireless communications standard. Keywords Body-centric communications, Physiological monitoring, Wearable sensors, Wireless body area networks
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Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Sensor Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 3.1 Sensors for Physiological Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.2 Antennas for Wearable Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
R. Foster, T. Yilmaz, M. Munoz, and Y. Hao (*) School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, Mile End, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom e-mail: [email protected] D. Filippini (ed.), Autonomous Sensor Networks: Collective Sensing Strategies for Analytical Purposes, Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors (2013) 13: 95–126 DOI 10.1007/5346_2012_28, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012, Published online: 1 August 2012
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3.3 Wireless Communication Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Other Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Current and Future Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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