Wearable strain sensors enabled by integrating one-dimensional polydopamine-enhanced graphene/polyurethane sensing fiber
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Wearable strain sensors enabled by integrating onedimensional polydopamine-enhanced graphene/ polyurethane sensing fibers into textile structures Xiao Tian1, Kahei Chan1, Tao Hua1,*, Ben Niu1, and Shun Chen1 1
Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Received: 14 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 24 August 2020
A new yarn sensor-weaving integration approach was developed for fabricating textile sensor through integrating the strain-sensing yarn element into fabric structure, not only attaining the sensing function but also maintaining the exceptional property and appearance of the fabric. The effects of fabric structure and parameters were investigated; on that basis, a sateen and modified sateen structure with the optimized structural parameters were identified for fabricating sensing textiles with desired sensing performance. Based on the rational design of materials and fabric structure, the resultant textile strain sensor exhibits good sensitivity, excellent linearity, low hysteresis and outstanding repeatability (repeatability error) of 14.1, 0.976, 10.6% and 3.25% as well as 22.3, 0.961, 11.4% and 3.11% for sateen and modified sateen sensors, respectively. Especially, the sensors show superior durability under 20000 stretch-release cycles. Moreover, the sensing mechanism of such textile sensor was revealed through the examination and analysis of deformation of the strain-sensing yarn within fabric structure with the extension of fabric.
Published online: 14 September 2020
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Introduction In the past decades, smart wearable electronics have attracted much attention for wide applications in many areas [1–5], including medical care [6], sports and fitness, information and entertainment, and industrial and military categories, owing to their remarkable potentials [7–16]. In particular, sensor is
of great importance in smart wearable electronics which allows the transformation of physical phenomenon into a measurable electrical signal [17]. The strain sensors have the ability to detect the applied force and the strain of human motion like the knee, finger bending and walking states. By using the elbow- and knee-attached sensors, the bending angle of the jointed can be measured. The measurement can
Handling Editor: Christopher Blanford.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05259-1
J Mater Sci (2020) 55:17266–17283
be applied in rehabilitation to give the patient an online feedback if the patient uses the injured joint within a suitable range [18–23]. Textile is an assembly of flexible and soft fibers with unique wearable features. Owing to the diverse structures and material compositions, textile is an ideal substrate for flexible sensors [24–27]. Textilebased strain sensors have been developed successively with various structures and materials. Conductive fillers such as carbon or metallic materials are in
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