Welding Assembly Technology
In the context of the use and working of metals, such terms as operating technique and welding procedure, assembly, joint, homogeneous and heterogeneous are often used. It is therefore desirable to clarify and define these terms.
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ADVANCE D WELDING SYSTEMS 1 FUNDAMENTA LS OF FUSION WELDING TECHNOLOGY Jean Cornu (English Language Editor: John Weston
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Blitish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Advanced welding systems. VoI. 1: Fundamentals offusion welding technology. 1. Welding 1. Cornu,Jean II. Weston,John III. Soudage parfusion en continu, VoI. 1 Notions Fondamentales, Eng/ish 671.5'2 TS277 ISBN 978-3-662-11051-5 ISBN 978-3-662-11049-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-11049-2
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo in 1988
The work is protected by copyright. The rights covered by this are reserved, in particular those or translating, reprinting, radio broadcasting, reproduction by photo-mechanical or similar means as well as the storage and evaluation in data processing installations even if only extracts are used Should individual copies for commercial purposes be made with written consent of the publishers then a remittance shall be given to the publishers in accordance with §54, Para 2, of the copyright law. The publishers will provide information on the amount ofthis remittance. This book was first published in French in 1985 by Hermes, 51 rue Rennequin, 75017 Paris, under the title: 'Soudage parfusion en continu, VoI. 1 Notions Fondamentales'. Translated by Sue Greener. English language edited by John Weston. Phototypeset by Systemset, Stotfold, Bedfordshire.
FOREWORD HE ORIGINS of welding are buried in the depths of antiquity, T commencing with the forging of native gold and copper,
progressing in the bronze age with the braze welding of castings, but not developing greatly until relatively recently. It has been this century, and the latter half in particular, that welding has developed to the stage where there are more than 100 variants. Furthermore, joining by welding has become such an efficient technique that much of our modem way oflife would not be possible without it. The giant oil rigs, built to withstand the rigours of the North Sea, the minute wire connectors in the computer and transistor, and the automobile and truck, could not exist were it not for welding processes. Originally a uniquely manual process, the needs of industry have this century required welding techniques which could be mechanised. Some processes, such as friction welding, were readily mechanised but the most flexible and adaptable fusion processes awaited developments which allowed a continuous wire to be rapidly fed into the fusion zone. These processes, such as MAG and submerged arc, rapidly gave rise to machines for welding, with many appearing before the Second World War. However, it has been the advent of the industrial robot, a machine which can manipulate the welding process with some of the flexibility of man, which has catalysed and accelerated the rate of automating welding. The robot became possible because of developments in electronics, microwelding and computing, techniques which have also allowed devel
