What Happens at a Dental Surgery When the Patient is a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder? An Italian Study
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ORIGINAL PAPER
What Happens at a Dental Surgery When the Patient is a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder? An Italian Study Maria Grazia Mada Logrieco1 · Giuseppe Niccolò Ciuffreda2 · Bruna Sinjari3 · Maria Spinelli1 · Rodrigo Rossi3 · Gianmaria D’Addazio3 · Francesca Lionetti1 · Sergio Caputi3 · Mirco Fasolo1
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Oral health care can be a difficult experience for a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), for their family and for the dentist. The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the challenges experienced by the three aforementioned figures during oral care treatment. A cohort of 275 parents of typical development children (TD), 57 parents of children with ASD (3–15 years old) and by 61 dentists, completed two different multiple choices questionnaires. The data obtained show a great difficulty in the treatment of children with ASD as seen by the dentists and by the parents. This is due to: caregivers’ demographic issues; difficulties encountered before and during the dental examination; scarce presence of experts in ASD treatment. Keywords Autism · Oral health care · Children · Typical development children · Parents · Dentist Oral care is an important component of health care. Inadequate oral care and the illness that can result from it can have a negative effect on health and quality of life (Casamassimo 1996; Hulland and Sigal 2000). Despite the importance of oral care, the disparities between children with special health care and typical development (TD) children still exist, in the access and practice of oral care, with dental care being the most frequently cited unmet health care need (Lewis et al. 2005). One specific and wide subgroup of these patients, are patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Worldwide prevalence of autism is just under 1%, but estimates
are higher in high income countries. This is mainly due to increasing awareness of diagnostic criteria, which affects the reported prevalence in high income countries and limited datasets in low income countries (Lord et al. 2020). ASD is a set of neurodevelopmental conditions, some of which can be attributed to distinct etiological factors. The majority are probably the results of complex interactions between genetic and non-genetic risk factors. The latest revision of DSM American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th edn. (APA 2013), adopted the umbrella term Autism Spectrum Disorder
* Maria Grazia Mada Logrieco [email protected]
Sergio Caputi [email protected]
Giuseppe Niccolò Ciuffreda [email protected]
Mirco Fasolo [email protected]
Bruna Sinjari [email protected]
1
Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 33, 66100 Chieti, CH, Italy
2
Department of Economics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
3
Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 661
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