Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle Mass Flows, Environmental Proce
The presence of xenobiotics in the aquatic environment is seen as one of the biggest challenges for a sustainable water future. Thus, there is a need to understand, in an integrated manner, the sources, flow paths, fate and effects of xenobiot
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Environmental Pollution Volume 16
Editors Brian J. Alloway, Department of Soil Science, The University of Reading, U.K. Jack T. Trevors, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
Editorial Board I. Colbeck, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, U.K. R.L. Crawford, Food Research Center (FRC) 204, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, U.S.A. W. Salomons, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5929
Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle Mass Flows, Environmental Processes, Mitigation and Treatment Strategies
Edited by Despo Fatta-Kassinos
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
Kai Bester
Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Denmark
Klaus Kümmerer
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany
Editors Despo Fatta-Kassinos University of Cyprus Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Kallipoleos 75 1678 Nicosia Cyprus [email protected]
Kai Bester Aalborg University Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Sohngaardsholmsvej 57 9000 Aalborg Denmark [email protected]
Klaus Kümmerer University Medical Center Freiburg Department of Environmental Health Sciences Bresisacher Straße 115b D 79106 Freiburg Germany [email protected]
ISBN 978-90-481-3508-0 e-ISBN 978-90-481-3509-7 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3509-7 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009942784 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover Images © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
The history of chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences is an impressive success story. The products of chemical and pharmaceutical industries are present everywhere in our everyday life. They help to pursue the modern way of living and they contribute to our high standard of living and safety, mobility, communication technologies, food, health, textiles and drinking water treatment, among many others. These products are labeled under the categories: pharmaceuticals, pesticides, detergents, fertilizers, dyes, paints, preservatives, food additives and personal care products, to name a few. Within these categories, groups of chemicals with similar structures can be found. However, often groups of chemicals with very different structures belong to the same category. Fo
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