ZnO/Zn/Amorphous Carbon Matrix Nanostructured Composite Powder: a New Photocatalyst for Dye
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ZnO/Zn/Amorphous Carbon Matrix Nanostructured Composite Powder: a New Photocatalyst for Dye Silvania Lanfredi1, Gisele S. Silveira1, Bruno S. Potensa1, Marcos A. L Nobre1 1
Fac de Ciências e Tecnologia – FCT, Univ Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Laboratory of
Composites and Ceramics Functional - LaCCeF – C.P. 467, Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, SP, Brazil.
ABSTRACT Both synthesis and photocatalytic potential of an innovative catalyst-powder type composite material based on the Zn or/and ZnO dispersed in a matrix of amorphous-carbon have been investigated. Zn/ZnO/amorphous-carbon nanostructured-matrix composite was prepared by partial pyrolysis method based on the Pechini method. The amorphous character of composite was characterized X-ray diffraction, while chemical bond investigated by infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity directed to the degradation of the phenol red dye of small fraction of commercial ZnO, Zn/C and Zn/ZnO/C composites were evaluated as a function of the degradation reaction of the phenol red dye, in the alkaline medium pH = 9. A mass concentration of 1:10,000 was selected being considered 30 and 150 min of reaction A comparison between photocatalytic activity showed that the degradation rate of phenol red dye is more efficient at both ZnO/Zn/C and Zn/C amorphous composites when compared to the pristine ZnO. The efficiency obeys the following order C/Zn ≥ C/ZnO/Zn > commercial ZnO with conversion equal to 70% for C/Zn and C/ZnO/Zn, while for the ZnO is around 55%. The kinetic of degradation is discussed. INTRODUCTION Currently, advanced physic-chemistry processes require materials with combination of properties not found in conventional materials. Materials formed by the association of organic and inorganic compounds are an alternative to prepare new multifunctional materials and materials with properties superior to those given by the constituents when they act individually [1] . Carbon, in crystalline or amorphous form, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, pyrocarbons, graphite and activated carbon has been considered as a promising material for various applications such as electronics [1] and optical devices [2], gas sensors and solar cells, and is reported as good photocatalyst [3, 4]. In order to improve the photocatalytic performance of some semiconductor oxides, carbon has been combined to produce composites, which can have photocatalytic performance superior to the semiconductor isolated [5, 6]. In this context, the main objective of this study is the synthesis and the analysis of the photocatalytic potential of innovative hybrid composites based on the zinc oxide and/or metallic zinc dispersed in a matrix of amorphous carbon in the degradation of the phenol red dye, as well as the mechanism of kinetic reaction of the photocatalytic process.
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