Zschokkella epinepheli n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxidiidae) infecting the gallbladder of the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus
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FISH PARASITOLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Zschokkella epinepheli n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxidiidae) infecting the gallbladder of the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus (Serranidae) from Tunisian waters Khouloud Bouderbala 1
&
Luis F. Rangel 2,3 & Maria J. Santos 2,3 & Sihem Bahri 1
Received: 27 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A new coelozoic myxosporean species, Zschokkella epinepheli n. sp., collected from the gallbladder of the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus (Perciformes: Serranidae) from the bay of Bizerte, Tunisia, is described based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Myxospores and plasmodia were observed floating free in the bile. Mature plasmodia were polysporic and subspherical in shape, measuring 85.0–94.0 μm long and 70.0–82.0 μm wide. Mature myxospores were ovoid in valvular view, measuring 10.0 ± 1.7 (8.0–11.0) μm in length and 7.0 ± 0.3 (6.6–7.5) μm in width. Polar capsules were pyriform and equal in size, measuring 3.0 ± 0.2 (2.8–3.6) μm in length and 2.3 ± 0.3 (1.8–2.7) μm in width. Myxospore valves had 12–14 longitudinal striations. Based on the small subunit rDNA, the new species Z. epinepheli n. sp. differs from all other Zschokkella species for which there is a DNA sequence deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Z. epinepheli n. sp. clustered in the marine subclade of Zschokkella species within the biliary tract IV clade. This is the first report of a Zschokkella species from the gallbladder of an epinephelin fishes. Keywords Myxozoa . Serranidae . Zschokkella epinepheli . Morphology . Phylogeny . Tunisia
Introduction The genus Zschokkella Auerbach, 1910, includes more than 68 species infecting marine and freshwater fishes (Lom and Dyková 2006; Ali et al. 2007; Abdel-Ghaffar et al. 2008; Freeman et al. 2008; Sarkar 2012; Rocha et al. 2013a; Yemmen et al. 2013; Heiniger and Adlard 2014; Kalatzis et al. 2015; Azizi et al. 2016). A few Zschokkella species are parasites of amphibians and reptiles (Lom and Dyková 2006). Most Zschokkella species are coelozoic parasites infecting the Section Editor: Christopher Whipps * Khouloud Bouderbala [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Biodiversity, Parasitology and Ecology of Aquatic Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
2
Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
3
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
gallbladder, the urinary bladder, and the kidney of their fish hosts (Lom and Dyková 2006; Freeman et al. 2008; Holzer et al. 2010). In the GenBank database, only 39 sequences of the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) are available for the genus Zschokkella. Of these sequences, 13 are for undescribed species and 13 other sequences are replicate sequences from different hosts. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses based on the SSU rDNA have sh
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