[ 18 F]-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT Under Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Advanced Prostate Cancer
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
[18F]-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT Under Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Advanced Prostate Cancer Felix Dietlein,1,2 Peter Mueller,1 Carsten Kobe,1 Heike Endepols,1,3 Melanie Hohberg,1 Boris D. Zlatopolskiy,3 Philipp Krapf,4 Axel Heidenreich,5,6 Bernd Neumaier,3,4 Alexander Drzezga,1 Markus Dietlein 1 1
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA 3 Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 4 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5: Nuclear Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Julich, Germany 5 Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 6 Department of Urology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2
Abstract Purpose: PSMA imaging is frequently used for monitoring of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer. In a previous study, [18F]-JK-PSMA-7 exhibited favorable properties for tumor localization after biochemical recurrence. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the performance of [18F]-JK-PSMA-7 under ADT. Procedures: We examined the performance of [18F]-JK-PSMA-7 in 70 patients (first cohort) with increasing or detectable PSA values under ADT (PSA G 2 ng/ml for 21/70 patients). We further analyzed 58 independent patients with PSA levels G 2 ng/ml under ADT, who were imaged with [68Ga]PSMA-11 or [18F]DCFPyL (second cohort). Finally, we compared detection rates between [18F]-JK-PSMA-7, [68Ga]PSMA-11, and [18F]DCFPyL. Results: In the first cohort, we detected [18F]-JK-PSMA-7-positive lesions in 63/70 patients. In patients with PSA levels ≥ 2 ng/ml, the detection rate was 100 % (49/49). In patients with PSA G 2 ng/ml, the detection rate was significantly lower (66.7 %, 14/21, p = 9.7 × 10−5) and dropped from 85.7 % (12/14, PSA levels between 0.3 and 2.0 ng/ml) to 28.6 % (2/7) for PSA levels G 0.3 ng/ml (p = 1.73 × 10−2). In the second cohort (PSA G 2 ng/ml), the detection rate was 79.3 % (46/58) for [68Ga]PSMA-11 or [18F]DCFPyL. Again, the detection rate was significantly higher (p = 1.1 × 10−2) for patients with PSA levels between 0.3 and 2.0 ng/ml (87.0 %, 40/46) relative to those with PSA levels G 0.3 ng/ml (50 %, 6/12). No significant difference was found between [18F]-JK-PSMA-7 and [68Ga]PSMA-11 or [18F]DCFPyL in patients with PSA levels G 2 ng/ml (p = 0.4295). Conclusion: [18F]-JK-PSMA-7 PET showed a high detection rate in patients with PSA levels ≥ 0.3 ng/ml under ADT. The lower PSA threshold of 0.3 ng/ml for high detection rates was consistent across the three PSMA ligands. Thus, PSMA imaging is suitable for clinical follow-up of patients with increasing PSA levels under ADT.
Felix Dietlein and Peter Mueller contributed equally to this work. Alexander Drzezga and Markus Dietlein contributed equally as senior authors to this work. Correspondence to: Markus Dietlein; e-mail: [email protected]
Dietlein
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