A 3D printed three-dimensional centrifugal fluidic system for blood separation
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TECHNICAL PAPER
A 3D printed three-dimensional centrifugal fluidic system for blood separation Xianming Qin1 • Hualing Chen1 • Shuhai Jia1 • Wanjun Wang2 Received: 5 August 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper reports a miniature microfluidic system based on centrifugal and gravity actuations for separation of blood cells. The fluidic platform is driven with a motor and controlled using a single-chip micyoco (SCM). Centrifugal force was used both for delivering the blood sample and realizing density gradient centrifugation for separation of red blood cells from plasma. By utilizing the centrifugal force, Coriolis force, Euler’s force, and gravity force in actuation of blood sample, a compact design of three-dimensional fluidic system for flow control was achieved. The centrifugal microfluidic platform was fabricated using 3D printing technology with polymers as structural materials. Because of the strong adhesion of leukocyte and the larger sizes of the blood cells, silica electrospun fiber was used as filter for white cells. In the experiments, the average removal rate of red blood cells is controllable by changing the working parameters. The instrument can separate 20–50 ll plasma at a time. No white cells were found in the plasma after separation.
1 Introduction Blood separation is an essential step when performing blood tests for clinical diagnosis purposes. Kuo and Lin (2018) as the microfluidic technologies develop, a broad spectrum of applications in many different fields have been reported. Song et al. (2018) the microfluidic lab-on-a-chiptype devices are extremely attractive for applications in blood analysis. Toner and Irimia (2005) Techniques of separating particles in microfluidic system can generally be divided into two categories: active and passive. The active ones include optical systems (Fu et al. 1999), acoustic systems (Dow et al. 2018), magnetic systems (Xia et al. 2006), FACS (Wang et al. 2005), and electrophoresis. Akagi and Ichiki (2008) On the other hand, the passive ones rely mainly on using unique materials or structures to force particles with different size (Chen 2008), density (Petersson et al. 2007), deformability (Petersson et al. & Wanjun Wang [email protected] Hualing Chen [email protected] 1
College of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
2007) and biomarkers (Nagrath et al. 2011) to behave differently. Because of the importance of whole blood separation in clinical diagnosis, it has attracted the attentions from many researchers. There are many blood separation methods based on microstructures such as micro channels, micropillar arrays, micro weir, and membranes. Chen et al. designed Pillar-type and weir-type crossflow filtration chips for separating red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) (Chen 2008). A
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