A cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane with a stable three-layer structure for the treatment of drinking water
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane with a stable three-layer structure for the treatment of drinking water Dong Wang . Hongmei Yuan . Yutong Chen . Yonghao Ni . Liulian Huang Ajoy Kanti Mondal . Shan Lin . Fang Huang . Hui Zhang
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Received: 7 March 2020 / Accepted: 25 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Nanofiltration membrane (NFM) is an effective and advanced semi-permeable membrane (pore size: 1 * 2 nm) for deep purification of drinking water due to their low operating pressure and high divalent salt ion rejection. In this work, a stable cellulose-based polyamide nanofiltration membrane (NFPDA-RCM) with a unique three-layered structure was prepared for advanced treatment of drinking water, via the method of chemical bond connection followed by the interfacial polymerization strategy. The regenerated cellulose membrane (RCM), as the supporting layer of NFM, prepared by phase inversion method has good physical compatibility and abundant porous
channels. Further, the flux of NFM can be controlled by adjusting the pore size of the RCM. Through Michael addition reaction, the supporting layer and the active layer of NF-PDA-RCM are connected by the covalent bonds, resulting in a great improvement in the stability of NF-PDA-RCM. The resultant NFPDA-RCM has increased rejection rate of MgSO4 (enhanced about 9.3%) and water-flux (enhanced about 78.5%) compared with that of no polydopamine (PDA) modified NFM. The RCM are completely biodegradable, allowing the NF-PDA-RCM to be a promising candidate for treating drinking water.
D. Wang H. Yuan Y. Chen Y. Ni L. Huang (&) A. K. Mondal S. Lin F. Huang H. Zhang (&) College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China e-mail: [email protected] H. Zhang e-mail: [email protected] D. Wang H. Yuan Y. Chen L. Huang S. Lin F. Huang H. Zhang National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China Y. Ni A. K. Mondal Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Cellulose Polydopamine Interfacial polymerization Nanofiltration membrane
Introduction Nanofiltration membrane (NFM), composing of an active layer (functional layer) and the supporting layer, can selectively reject divalent ions (Ca2?, Cu2?, Mg2?) and penetrate monovalent ions (Na?, K?) which is crucial for human cells to regulate electrolytes and maintain pH of the body (Clausen et al. 2017; Lau et al. 2015; Lee et al. 2016). Therefore, NFM is an idea candidate for advanced treatment of drinking water. At present, polyamide nanofiltration membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization have been widely used for seawater desalination (Werber et al. 2018), water reclamation (He et al. 2019; Zhao et al. 2019) and drinking water purification (McCloskey et al. 20
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