A Conjugated Copolymer Bearing Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquid: Electrochemical Synthesis and Electrochromic Properties
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ARTICLE
POLYMER SCIENCE
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-021-2525-z Chinese J. Polym. Sci.
A Conjugated Copolymer Bearing Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquid: Electrochemical Synthesis and Electrochromic Properties Xiao-Jing Lv, Li-Bin Xu, Liang Qian, Yuan-Yuan Yang, Zhi-Yi Xu, Jin Li, and Cheng Zhang* International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation Base of Energy Materials and Application, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Electronic Supplementary Information Abstract An imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL) modified triphenylamine derivative, namely 1-(4-((4-(diphenylamino)benzoyl) oxy)butyl)-3methyl imidazole tetrafluoroborate (TPAC6IL-BF4), was designed and synthesized, and further applied with 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) to prepare conjugated copolymer P(EDOT:TPAC6IL-BF4) via electrochemical polymerization. The cyclic voltammetry curves show that the copolymer P(EDOT:TPAC6IL-BF4) possesses two pairs of redox peaks, which should be ascribed to the redox behaviors of EDOT and triphenylamine. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum of P(EDOT:TPAC6IL-BF4) exhibits one maximum absorption peak at 580 nm and a small shoulder characteristic peak at 385 nm under neutral state which are assigned to π-π* conjugated structure of EDOT and triphenylamine. After being applied at the positive voltage, the copolymer color changes from dark blue to light blue, which is close to the color of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Surprisingly, the copolymer P(EDOT:TPAC6IL-BF4) shows shorter switching time of 0.37 s, 0.30 s at 580 nm and 0.38 s, 0.45 s at 1100 nm compared with PEDOT. It is more intriguing that the copolymer P(EDOT:TPAC6IL-BF4) exhibits electrochromism even in free supporting electrolyte. The results confirm that the existence of imidazolium-based ionic liquid has an improvement on the ion diffusion properties and the switching time of conjugated polymer, which may provide a potential direction for the preparation of high-performance electrochromic materials. Keywords Electrochromism; Copolymer; Ionic liquid; Electropolymerization; Fast switching Citation: Lv, X. J.; Xu, L. B.; Qian, L.; Yang, Y. Y.; Xu, Z. Y.; Li, J.; Zhang, C. A conjugated copolymer bearing imidazolium-based ionic liquid: electrochemical synthesis and electrochromic properties. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-021-2525-z
INTRODUCTION Electrochromic (EC) materials have gradually received more attention and become a promising research field for various potential applications, such as smart windows, anti-glare rearview mirrors, displays and memory devices.[1−4] Conjugated polymers have gained popularity owing to their good processability, diverse colors, high coloration efficiency and especially facile structural modification.[5−8] However, the relatively long switching time still limits their practical applications, especially for display device.[9] Generally, the change of the π-electron characteristics of the polymers during redox reactions will
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