A Contextual-Functional Meta-Framework for Counselling Supervision

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A Contextual-Functional Meta-Framework for Counselling Supervision Jeff Chang

Published online: 13 October 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012

Abstract In this paper, an approach to clinical supervision, entitled the ContextualFunctional Meta-Framework (CFM), is developed and articulated, based on a consideration of current literature and the author’s extensive practice experience. First, the context for the development of the CFM, and its formative influences, are examined, followed by a review of its six main components: the administrative context in which supervision takes place; the culture infused supervisory working alliance; nine supervisory functions; the supervisor’s and supervisee’s theory of change; the service delivery system; and the phase of counsellor development. Finally, future avenues for the model’s ongoing development and evaluation are discussed. As a meta-framework for the development of one’s personal approach to supervision, rather than a model of supervision, the CFM provides a transtheoretical heuristic for clinical supervisors to develop their personal approach the supervision. Keywords Clinical supervision . Counsellor education . Counsellor training . Teaching of psychology Introduction This paper examines and articulates a Contextual-Functional Meta-Framework (CFM) for counselling supervision. The context for the development of the model is outlined and a working definition of supervision is provided. Next, the major influences that underpin its development are examined. This material leads into an articulation of the CFM and its six key components. Finally, it is argued that the CFM has several particular strengths, and future directions for its implementation, evaluation, and research are proposed. The CFM provides a heuristic for clinical supervisors to develop their personal approach to supervision.

This paper is based on work presented at the Conference of the International Association for Counselling, June 13–17, 2011, Montego Bay, Jamaica J. Chang (*) Athabasca University, Calgary, AB, Canada e-mail: [email protected]

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Int J Adv Counselling (2013) 35:71–87

Context for Development The CFM emerged from the author’s experience as a supervisor in agency work and independent practice, teaching in counsellor education programs, and operating a psychological services firm in western Canada. He has researched the developmental pathways of counsellors in training (Chang 2011). He is licensed as a psychologist and has earned the Approved Supervisor designation in the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT). This approach emerges from postmodern and pragmatic ideas (Amundson 1996; de Jong and Berg 2008; White 2007) and common factors (Duncan et al. 2010). The net effect is a practical approach to supervision that is sensitive to contextual and organizational demands, acknowledges the various “hats” that supervisors wear, focuses on what works, attends to the life stage of the supervisee, and sees supervision as a medium for lifelong learning.