A Cross-Layer Route Discovery Framework for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
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A Cross-Layer Route Discovery Framework for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Bosheng Zhou Advanced Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen’s University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, Northern Ireland, UK Email: [email protected]
Alan Marshall Advanced Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen’s University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, Northern Ireland, UK Email: [email protected]
Jieyi Wu Research Center of Computer Integrated Manufactural System (CIMS), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China Email: [email protected]
Tsung-Han Lee Advanced Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen’s University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, Northern Ireland, UK Email: [email protected]
Jiakang Liu Advanced Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen’s University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, Northern Ireland, UK Email: [email protected] Received 11 June 2004; Revised 12 May 2005 Most reactive routing protocols in MANETs employ a random delay between rebroadcasting route requests (RREQ) in order to avoid “broadcast storms.” However this can lead to problems such as “next hop racing” and “rebroadcast redundancy.” In addition to this, existing routing protocols for MANETs usually take a single routing strategy for all flows. This may lead to inefficient use of resources. In this paper we propose a cross-layer route discovery framework (CRDF) to address these problems by exploiting the cross-layer information. CRDF solves the above problems efficiently and enables a new technique: routing strategy automation (RoSAuto). RoSAuto refers to the technique that each source node automatically decides the routing strategy based on the application requirements and each intermediate node further adapts the routing strategy so that the network resource usage can be optimized. To demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency of CRDF, we design and evaluate a macrobian route discovery strategy under CRDF. Keywords and phrases: ad hoc networks, routing, CRDF, cross-layer design, quality of service.
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INTRODUCTION
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system comprising a set of mobile nodes that can move around freely. Because MANETs do not need any fixed infrastructure This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
and can be easily and quickly deployed they have been attracting high interest in both military and civil applications. A MANET is generally formed as a multihop wireless network due to limited transmission range of wireless transceivers. Routing plays an important role in the operation of such a network. Each node acts as both a router and a host. MANETs are considered to be (1) resource li
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