A GIS based interpretation of the historical evolution of urban settlements in Mangalore City, India
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A GIS based interpretation of the historical evolution of urban settlements in Mangalore City, India K. Dhanaraj1
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Dasharatha P. Angadi1
Received: 6 August 2020 / Revised: 20 September 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 Ó Korean Spatial Information Society 2020
Abstract The fact that the present state of evolution of settlement in a city is most often composed of remnants it’s past, superimposed and juxtaposed together with the new developments. This can be used to gain new insights on spatial history and dynamism of settlements evolution and also for spatial information approximation for historical narrative in general. This study attempts to trace and visualise the evolution and the spatial pattern of urban settlement distribution in Mangalore using GPS locations of historical buildings and structures from 600 AD. to 1970 AD. The study employs GIS and spatial statistical techniques such as spatial mean centre, standard distance, standard deviational ellipse, Average Nearest Neighbour, Kernel density and variable buffer model. It was found from the study that historical buildings and structures including temples and churches are closely associated with the evolution and distribution settlement in Mangalore. The study also substantiates the historical fact that the eventual intensification concentration of settlements in the current urban centre was largely influenced by colonial settlers. The temporal fluctuation of spatial mean centre of the city was also found in Mangalore.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41324-020-00363-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & K. Dhanaraj [email protected] Dasharatha P. Angadi [email protected] 1
Department of Geography, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Konaje, Mangalore, Karnataka 574199, India
Keywords HGIS Urban history Spatial statistics Kernel density estimate Average nearest neighbour Variable buffer model and Mangalore
1 Introduction Urban systems are the most intricate thing ever created by mankind; no single definition can fit all of its manifestations [1]. The origin of the urban settlements is veiled in mystery, as there is little unanimity of opinion among archaeologists and historians as to when or where the first city emerged [2]. Appreciation of the past urban condition is inevitable given that the current state of urban development is associated with the cities of the past [3]. The urbanisation history offers lessons on sustainability by providing insight into how cities evolved with the time. The necessity to consider the history of settlement evolution for studying modern cities is recognized by numerous studies [4, 5]. However the attention paid to such studies, particularly in the east is meagre [6]. The scope for such studies was earlier limited by the lack of capability to develop methods and techniques to analyse the past condition [7]. However, urban geography being intrinsically interdisciplinary, allows us to ask questio
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