A High-Resolution NMR Approach Combined to MALDI-TOF-MS to Estimate the Positional Distribution of Acyl-Linked Unsaturat
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A High-Resolution NMR Approach Combined to MALDI-TOF-MS to Estimate the Positional Distribution of Acyl-Linked Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Triacylglycerols Andrej Meusel 1 & Yulia Popkova 1 & Dirk Dannenberger 2 & Jürgen Schiller 1
Received: 26 August 2016 / Accepted: 16 January 2017 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017
Abstract Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the most abundant constituents of vegetable oils and adipose tissues. TAG analysis is even, nowadays, challenging because the presence of three (often different) fatty acyl residues leads to many different, regioisomeric species. While the overall fatty acyl composition of TAG can be determined by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS), all positional information is completely lost by this approach. Therefore, GC/MS is often replaced or combined with LC/MS that provides information (by MS/MS) which fatty acyl residues are present in a given TAG and sometimes also about the location at the glycerol backbone. Since TAGs are normally available in huge amounts, the comparably low sensitivity of NMR is not a major issue. We show that high-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy is an excellent method to determine the overall fatty acyl composition and the positions of the related (unsaturated) fatty acyl residues in a given TAG molecule. These data will be compared with MALDI-TOF MS data of the same vegetable oil samples. Although the 13C NMR method is particularly applicable to unsaturated TAG, this approach can be regarded as a significant methodological progress in this field.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12161-017-0818-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jürgen Schiller [email protected]; http://www.uni-leipzig.de/ ~biophys/ 1
Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
2
Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
Keywords Triacylglycerols . Regioisomers . Vegetable oils . H NMR . 13C NMR spectroscopy . MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 1
Introduction Triacylglycerols (TAGs) such as in palm oil have many different applications in pharmaceutical sciences and cosmetics (Baud and Lepiniec 2010) and are also very important for many additional reasons: on one hand, TAGs are one of the major energy sources in human nutrition (Wiener et al. 1987) and omnipresent in food whereby vegetable oils (Jakab et al. 2002; Schiller et al. 2002a, b) or adipose tissues such as lard are particularly rich in TAGs (Nalbone et al. 1989). On the other hand, the generation of TAGs in adipose tissues is an efficient method for the organism to store excessive, nutritional energy. The evaluation of the composition of TAGs (BosqueSendra et al. 2012) is important for different reasons and has also many practical applications. For instance, the adulteration of virgin olive oils by less expensiv
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