A Millimeter Wave Six-Port Network Using Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide
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A Millimeter Wave Six-Port Network Using Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Jixin Chen & Wei Hong & Hongjun Tang & Pinpin Yan & Bing Liu & Ke Wu
Received: 8 July 2011 / Accepted: 5 February 2012 / Published online: 23 February 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Abstract A novel six-port network based on half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) is proposed. In this design, a HMSIW hybrid 3 dB coupler and a -90° phase shifter are designed as fundamental building block of six-port network. By combining four HMSIW couplers and one phase shifter, a HMSIW six-port network at 29–32 GHz is constructed. The six-port network is fabricated and measured. Measurement results agree well with simulation, and show good balance and phase relationship between ports. Keywords Six-Port . HMSIW . SIW . Coupler
1 Introduction In recent years, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is developed to reduce the cost of millimeter wave system. SIW is a kind of rectangular dielectric-filled waveguide which can be synthesized in a planar substrate. Various components based on SIW and similar technologies have been studied, and have been involved in the design of six-port receiver and radar [1–3]. In this paper, the building blocks and an six-port junction is proposed and integrated by using half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) technology, resulting in good performance, relatively smaller size and low cost. HMSIW is a planar guided wave structure which keeps the advantages of SIW but the size is nearly half reduced [4–7]. It is fabricated by implementing a row of metallic vias on a low-loss substrate with metal coating on both sides which is just half the structure of a SIW. The configurations and dominant mode distributions of HMSIW and SIW is shown in Fig. 1. It can be seen that the width of HMSIW is only around half the size of its counterpart SIW, which also results in the decrease of conducting and dielectric losses. Besides, since HMSIW could not support the TE20 mode as in an SIW, it will possess wider dominant operation bandwidth than SIW. J. Chen (*) : W. Hong : H. Tang : P. Yan : B. Liu : K. Wu State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves (2012) 33:348–356
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Fig. 1 Dominant field distribution in HMSIW and SIW.
The six-port junction presented here could be used in a planar integrated direct receiver systems [1, 2]. Figure 2 shows the block diagram of a typical six-port junction. It consists of four 3 dB hybrid couplers, and a +90° or -90° phase delay elements. In this paper, a compact 29–32 GHz HMSIW six-port is developed by using a -90° phase delay element. The geometrical parameters of six-port junction are optimized for constructing a prototype. Measurement results agree well with simulation, and show good balance and phase relationship between ports.
Fig. 2 Block diagram of six-port junction.
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