A Modified Transient Current Limiter to Mitigate Energization Inrush Current in Wind Turbine Transformers
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A Modified Transient Current Limiter to Mitigate Energization Inrush Current in Wind Turbine Transformers Morteza Ganji1 · Mehdi Bigdeli1 · Davood Azizian2 Received: 27 October 2019 / Revised: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 23 July 2020 © Brazilian Society for Automatics--SBA 2020
Abstract Energization of wind turbine transformers (WTTs) in wind power plants (WPPs) leads to high transient inrush current, which imposes high mechanical and thermal stresses on transformer windings and voltage sag problems at grid connection point (GCP). Therefore, to solve these problems, the inrush current should be suppressed during the energization time. The current research presents a modified transient current limiter (MTCL) for suppressing WTTs’ inrush current. Two types of MTCL such as resistor type (R-type) and reactor type (L-type) are considered for this purpose. To investigate the efficiency of the MTCL, a WPP includes five wind turbines which are simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC software. The simulation results reveal that the MTCL is an effective means for suppressing the WTTs’ inrush current and mitigating GCP voltage sag during energization. Besides, to show the effectiveness of the proposed MTCL, the performance of the MTCL is compared with the conventional TCL through simulation. Keywords Wind power plants (WPPs) · Wind turbine transformers (WTTs) · Modified transient current limiter (MTCL) · Inrush current · Voltage sag
1 Introduction From the last year, the development of wind power plants (WPPs) is continuously growing (Edrah et al. 2015). The integration of large wind power plants increases the potential risk to the secure and stable operation of the power system (Edrah et al. 2015; Liserre et al. 2011). The existing researches mainly focus on problems such as low-voltage ride-through capability (LVRT) (Tsili and Papathanassiou 2009; Firouzi and Gharehpetian 2018), reactive power compensation (He et al. 2017), control of DFIG-based WPP (Teng and Meng 2017) and frequency control (Ye and Pei 2016). However, a transient phenomenon in WPP is still lack of study (Zhang et al. 2014). The connection of WPPs to the grid brings technical challenges due to the energization of wind turbine transformers (WTTs) (Zhang et al. 2014; de Alencar and Ferreira 2016). * Mehdi Bigdeli [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
Department of Electrical Engineering, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
2
Power transformers are vital components in WPPs. Their availability and lifetime have a significant impact on grid reliability and efficiency (de Alencar and Ferreira 2016). The energization of WTTs can result in large inrush currents flow with a high DC component and a full harmonic spectrum, which may be several times larger (up to 10–15) than the rated current (Hamilton 2013). It will impose high mechanical and thermal stresses on the WTTs’ winding, deterioration insulation properties, malfunction of protection equipment and power quality problems
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