A new Ag/Bi 7 Ta 3 O 18 plasmonic photocatalyst with a visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity
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new plasmonic photocatalyst Ag/Bi7Ta3O18 was fabricated by photodeposition-hydrothermal method. The phase composition, microstructure, surface areas, average pore size, UV-vis diffuse reflection spectra, and photocatalytic activities of composite photocatalysts were investigated in detail. The results of the measurements indicated that the Ag0 nanoparticle successfully loads on the surface of Bi7Ta3O18, and the 0.06 Ag/Bi7Ta3O18 photocatalysts exhibited the best photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The improved photocatalytic activity could be contributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance caused by the collective oscillation of the surface electrons of Ag nanoparticles. Additionally, the photocatalytic reaction mechanism was studied by photoluminescence photocurrent, and electron spin resonance analysis. As a result, the Ag nanoparticles onto the Bi7Ta3O18 surface enlarged the electron–hole separation, and the (_OH) was the dominated active species of degradation RhB in the photocatalytic process.
I. INTRODUCTION
Semiconductor photocatalysis usually have low reaction temperatures and stable chemical properties. They also can translate organic compounds into harmless products. Thus, it can be seen as a promising process for degradation pollutants and environmental pollution.1–4 In particular, the heterogeneous photocatalysis has received much attention, which has potential to solve the energy problems.5 However, the preparation and cyclic utilization of the semiconductor photocatalysts still face a major problem hindering practical application in industrial processes. In recent years, the Bi-containing photocatalysts have been receiving tremendous attention, and their advancement has been already summarized systematically6 because of their broad photo absorption regions and excellent photocatalytic activities.7–9 Meanwhile, the potential of the Ta5d orbit of the conduction bands (CBs) of tantalates is more negative than that of titanates and niobates.10 Therefore, great attention has been given to Bi- and Ta-based compounds due to their high photocatalytic properties. Typically, BiTaO4 can degrade organic contaminants under the irradiation of visible light, which can be attributed to the presence of the Bi31 lonepair electrons and TaO6 octahedral.11,12 Besides, the Bi3TaO7 of excellent photocatalytic activity has been Contributing Editor: Xiaobo Chen Address all correspondence to these authors. a) e-mail: [email protected] b) e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2017.299
reported.13 Bi7Ta3O18, as the similar material, the latest reference related to the dielectric properties,14 and the photocatalytic activity hardly was mentioned. Therefore, it can be considered to be the new photocatalyst. There are some reports that the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metals on photocatalyst can promote separation between the electrons and holes in the semiconductor.15,16 The local electromagnetic field caused by LSPR is more intense for Ag compared with Au or Pt.17 R
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