Hydrothermal synthesis of 3D Ba 5 Ta 4 O 15 flower-like microsphere photocatalyst with high photocatalytic properties
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Xu, Songbo Yang, and Hongye Bai School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China
Chengjie Song School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People’s Republic of China
Biyi Chen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China (Received 2 May 2016; accepted 19 July 2016)
A novel and efficient photocatalyst of three dimensional (3D) Ba5Ta4O15 flower-like microsphere was synthesized via an alkaline etch under hydrothermal condition. The influence of reaction temperature, reaction time, and alkaline concentration on the morphology were investigated for the 3D Ba5Ta4O15 flower-like microsphere photocatalyst. The morphology and structure of the 3D Ba5Ta4O15 were characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the elegant flower-like structure was composed of Ba5Ta4O15 nanosheets. The 3D Ba5Ta4O15 flower-like microspheres show a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue under ultraviolet light than the bulk Ba5Ta4O15 microcrystal by the solid-state-reacted synthesized. The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectra, volumetric adsorption method, and photocurrent response of the Ba5Ta4O15 photocatalyst were characterized indicated that the higher photocatalytic activity of flower-like Ba5Ta4O15 microspheres was due to the high crystallinity, large surface area and the effective charge separation.
I. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the tantalates semiconductors are widely applied in environmental procedures such as air purification, water disinfection, hazardous waste remediation, and water purification due to their nontoxicity, good stability, and excellent photocatalytic activity.1–4 For example, many tantalates, K3Ta3Si2O13,5 alkali tantalates [ATaO3 (A 5 Li, Na, K)] and alkaline earth tantalates [BTa2O6 (B 5 Ca, Sr, and Ba)],6–9 lanthanum-doped NaTaO3,10 lanthanide tantalates LnTaO4 (Ln 5 La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm),11 have been reported. It is worth to mention that most of these active photocatalysts are perovskite-related oxide compounds, such as Sr2Ta2O7,12,13 KTaO3,14,15 RbNdTa2O7,16 and so forth. Most of these perovskite structure tantalates photocatalysts, Wiegel17 reported that they are consisted of corner-shared Contributing Editor: Xiaobo Chen a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2016.280 J. Mater. Res., 2016
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TaO6 octahedra in their crystal structure, and the bond angle of Ta–O–Ta is close to 180°. Thus the photogenerated electron–hole pairs can migrate easily in the corner-shared framework of TaO6 units, which is benefit to the photocatalysis reactions. Therefore, tantalates photocatalysts with perovskite-like structure are currently a hot research topic. In general, these tantalate
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