A novel and facile way to synthesize diamondoids nanowire cluster array
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FOCUS ISSUE
BUILDING ADVANCED MATERIALS VIA PARTICLE AGGREGATION AND MOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY
A novel and facile way to synthesize diamondoids nanowire cluster array Jilong Wang1, Jingjing Qiu2,a), Shiren Wang3,b) 1
Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China; and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, Texas 77843-3131, USA a) Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: [email protected] b) e-mail: [email protected] Received: 9 April 2019; accepted: 15 May 2019
Nowadays, hierarchical materials have received tremendous interests because of their unique physical and chemical properties. In this article, a novel and facile particle aggregation method was used to fabricate vertically aligned diamondoid nanowires and hierarchical branched nanowire cluster array by using an electrophoresis template method. Triamantane, a three-cage diamondoid, was applied as raw material in current research. Diamondoids are nanometer-sized, hydrogen-terminated diamond-like, saturated hydrocarbons, which process great potential in nanotechnology due to biocompatibility and ultrahard nature. By electrophoresis template method, triamantane molecules dissolved in toluene were transferred into a porous alumina template by electric field and form the one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure with high aspect ratio. After that, a two-step thermal treatment was applied to the nanowires to achieve hierarchical branched nanowires. The surface morphologies of triamantane nanowire array with different treatments were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. This approach opens a new avenue for mass production of the vertically aligned diamondoid nanowires and hierarchical branched nanowire cluster arrays.
Introduction In the modern nanoscience, diamondoids, novel carbon-based functional nanostructures, have recently received tremendous interests. Diamondoids (or diamond molecules) are nanometer-sized, hydrogen-terminated diamond–like, saturated hydrocarbons [1], which process great potential in nanotechnology like its cousins graphene, carbon dots, and nanodiamond [2, 3, 4, 5], such as drug delivery, DNA delivery, nanorobotics, and nanolubrication [6], since diamondoids are biocompatible and ultrahard. Adamantane, amine-derivatives of the lower diamondoid, has been employed in pharmaceutical applications as antiviral and anti-Parkinson’s agents [7]. Diamondoids consisting of different numbers of diamond– crystal cages own a large variety of size and can easily be chemically modified [8], which can be used to tune the optical and electronic properties [9]. For example, diamondoids can be chemically connected onto metallic surface by thiol groups to form a self-assembled layer, which process a negative electron affinity (NEA)
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