A novel three-in-one silicone model for basic microsurgery training
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A novel three-in-one silicone model for basic microsurgery training Osaid Alser 1 & Gehad Youssef 2 & Simon Myers 1 & Ali M. Ghanem 1 Received: 31 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 March 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background Microsurgery simulation is an important aspect of surgical training. Animal models have been widely used in simulation training, but they have some limitations including ethical restrictions, cost and availability. This has led to the use of synthetic models that can reduce reliance on animals in line with the 3R (refinement, reduction and replacement) principles. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the face validity of Surgitate™ three-in-one (artery, vein and nerve) silicone model. Methods Fourteen candidates performed one end-to-end anastomosis on artery, vein and nerve. The face validity of the vessel was assessed via questionnaires detailing their previous microsurgical experience and their feedback of using this model using the Likert scale. Data management and analysis were performed using IBM SPSS software (25.0). Results Participants tended to value this model in the earlier stages of microsurgical training particularly in the acquisition of basic microsurgical skills. It could be particularly useful in enhancing suturing skills as a replacement or reduction in the use of chicken models. The model has some drawbacks preluding its utilization into more advanced stages of surgical training. Further studies are needed to validate the model using more objective measures. Conclusion We present a novel synthetic model that can be potentially introduced to early stages of microsurgery training. The model would be ideal to meet the 3R principles of the use of animal models and as an alternative to the commonly used synthetic models. Level of evidence: Not ratable. Keywords Microsurgery . Anastomosis . Training . Simulation . Education . Animal replacement
Introduction Simulation surgical training helps surgical trainees optimise their performance in the operating theatres while also providing a means for evaluation of their skills [1]. Microsurgery * Ali M. Ghanem [email protected] Osaid Alser [email protected] Gehad Youssef [email protected] Simon Myers [email protected] 1
Academic Plastic Surgery Group, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, 4 Newark St, London E1 2AT, UK
2
The Animal Replacement Centre of Excellence (The ARC), Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
simulation is becoming an essential training method for acquisition and maintenance of microsurgical skills [2, 3]. While animal models have been extensively used in surgical training, there are some limitations with the use of animal models. There are ethical considerations with the use of living models, and this has resulted in a trend towards development of simulation models that can reduce reliance on animals in line with the 3R (refinement, reduction and replacement) princi
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