A Precision Medicine Approach to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Management
- PDF / 2,695,270 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 39 Downloads / 182 Views
Hot Topic
A Precision Medicine Approach to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Management Carlos D. Crisci, MD1,* Ledit R. F. Ardusso, MD2 Antonela Mossuz, MD3 Leila Mu¨ller, MD3 Address *,1 Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, National University of Rosario School of Medicine, Santa Fe 3100, 2000, Rosario, Argentina Email: [email protected] 2 Allergy and Immunology, National University of Rosario School of Medicine, Rosario, Argentina 3 Allergy and Immunology Department, Hospital Centenario, Rosario, Argentina
* Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Keywords Precision medicine I COVID-19 I Biomarkers I Coronavirus management algorithm
Abstract Purpose of review Precision medicine (PM) represents a new paradigm in disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To apply PM premises in an emerging coronavirus pandemic acquires potentially greater relevance in order to allow the selection of specific preventive measures as well as biomarkers that will be useful in disease management. Recent findings The identification of the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had led to a plethora of strategies to contain viral dissemination, affecting life styles and personal behaviors. Viral genomic sequencing has shown that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) found on ciliated epithelial cells of the human lungs as its specific receptor. Neutralizing antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein were detected in patients recovered from COVID-19; however, both T cells and NK cells were reduced in severe cases. Excessive and uncontrolled releases of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1B, IL-1RA, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) were increased in severe patients. These cytokines might be useful biomarkers of disease worsening and potential targets for new biological therapies currently under investigation. Summary Present knowledge and recent developments in PM approach to COVID-19 disease prevention, evaluation, and management are pointed out. Better understanding of pathogenic pathways together with an accurate phenotype classification of patients
Hot Topic presented with SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms might contribute to a more accurate definition of biomarkers and other diagnostic tools, which may lead to more precise mitigation strategies, personalized pharmacologic options, as well as new biological therapy developments.
Introduction Four coronaviruses are endemic worldwide causing common colds in humans. The viruses known as human coronavirus (hCoV)-229E, hCoV-HKU1, hCoV-NL63, and hCoV-OC43 are of little concern at a global public health level. Two other coronaviruses have caused significant epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), one in China during 2002–2003 (SARS-CoV) and the other one confined to regions of the Middl
Data Loading...
