Precision Anticoagulation Medicine A Practical Guide
This book provides a practical guide to the use of novel and conventional anticoagulants for a variety of medical conditions and patients profiled. It reviews data for selecting the most appropriate medication for a given presentation based on a patient’s
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Precision Anticoagulation Medicine
Hadi Goubran • Gaafar Ragab • Suzy Hassouna Editors
Precision Anticoagulation Medicine A Practical Guide
Editors Hadi Goubran Saskatoon Cancer Centre College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK Canada
Gaafar Ragab Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Giza Egypt
Suzy Hassouna College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing, MI USA
ISBN 978-3-030-25781-1 ISBN 978-3-030-25782-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25782-8 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
This book is dedicated to our beloved families, Hanaa, Mariam and Farah Goubran Samia, Ahmed and Sherif Ragab and the memory of Prof Suzy Hassouna
Preface
Venous thromboembolism and thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe accounting for one in four deaths worldwide in 2010. Its annual incidence rates range from 0.75 to 2.69 per 1000 individuals and increase with age to between 2 and 7 per 1000 among those aged ≥70 years. For decades, physicians and patients had only two therapeutic options to prevent thrombosis: parenteral unfractionated heparin, one of the oldest medicines currently in use, first discovered in 1916, and the oral warfarin discovered in the late 1930s which necessitated close monitoring with prothrombin time testing. In the early 1990s, low molecular weight heparins became available as subcutaneous preparations that were offered for both prophylaxis and therapy. The simplicity of their use and dosage fostered a wider use of anticoagulation and allowed for outpatient management of venous thrombosis. In an eff
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