A Quantitative Spatial Model of Urban Sprawl and its Application to Dehradun Urban Agglomeration, India
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A Quantitative Spatial Model of Urban Sprawl and its Application to Dehradun Urban Agglomeration, India Sandeep Maithani1 Received: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2020
Abstract The unregulated and scattered pattern of urban footprints is termed as urban sprawl. Urban sprawl being a dynamic phenomenon is facing many uncertainties with respect to methods for studying its dynamism. The present study aims at quantifying the urban sprawl process in Dehradun Urban Agglomeration (DUA), India, based on two criteria, viz. urban built-up density and open space fragmentation. On the basis of these two criteria, six structural classes, viz. urban, suburban and rural built-up, urbanized open space, captured open space and rural open land, were delineated. The spatio-temporal variation of these structural classes provided the basis for defining the urban sprawl patterns, i.e. infill, extension and leapfrog. The results revealed that urbanization patterns in DUA valley shifted from leapfrog to extension and then to infill pattern. The study thus attempts to develop a model for objectively defining the process of urban sprawl. Keywords Built-up Urban sprawl Remote sensing Leapfrog Infilling Urban structure
Introduction Urban sprawl can be defined as rapid extension of urban areas in suburbs and rural areas, and it alters the landscape patterns and manifests itself in the form of scattered developments, ribbon development and fragmented open spaces (Singh and Kalota 2019; Sharma and Joshi 2012). This unregulated and unplanned expansion of urban areas has adversely affected various natural processes and stressed the natural and built environment to the limits (Joshi et al. 2011; Feyen and Dankers 2009). Urban sprawl has been defined by various authors as per their requirements. These disparities between sprawl measures do not allow them to be pooled to form a global urban sprawl dataset (Kityuttachai et al 2013; Sharma et al. 2012; Hao et al. 2012; Jat et al. 2008; Brueckner 2000). Hence, in order to manage and regulate the urbanization process, globally acceptable definitions and indicators of urban sprawl are urgently required.
& Sandeep Maithani [email protected] 1
Urban and Regional Studies Department, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Dehradun, India
The scope of present work is to develop a model for defining and measuring the urban sprawl process based on built-up density and open space fragmentation (Jaeger 2014; Ardeshiri and Ardeshiri 2011; Yue et al. 2013; Arribas-Bel et al. 2011). This will help in reducing subjectivity in urban sprawl studies and improve interoperability among different sprawl datasets. The present study was conducted in Dehradun Urban Agglomeration (DUA), and the sprawl process during two decades, i.e. year 2000–2010 (period A) and year 2010–2019 (period B), was studied.
Study Area DUA has a geographical extent of 30° 170 N–30° 260 N and 77° 560 E–78° 110 E and covers an area of around 360km2 with a population of 5,78
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