A refocus on the advances of single-cell biomedicine
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EDITORIAL
A refocus on the advances of single-cell biomedicine William Wang & Xiangdong Wang
Received: 20 July 2020 / Accepted: 31 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an important technology to provide new insights into molecular mechanisms of intra- and intercellular regulations in special cells, defining new categories of cell types and developing and validating new clusters of biomarkers and targets. We are currently focused on scRNA-seq and its role in unknown intracellular communications and how it interacts among transcriptional networks and signal pathways in single-cell biology, biomedicine, and toxicology. Cell Biology and Toxicology published its first paper related to “single cell” in 1988 to address the development of thioguanine-resistant primary clones from single-cell suspensions isolated from dog and human kidneys (Turker et al. 1988). The first study on single-cell toxicology was reported in 2000 by measuring the extent of DNA damage induced by herbicide in alkaline single-cell microgel electrophoresis (Villarini et al. 2000). From 2017, the journal started to pay special attention to the values of single-cell measurements to develop a better understanding of transcriptomic profiles in cell biology using scRNA-seq, the genetic development and molecular mechanisms of intra-clonal and inter-clonal heterogeneity in cancer using scDNA-seq, and the dynamic phenotypes and responses of a cell to drugs by integrating it with morphological phenomes William Wang and Xiangdong Wang authors contribute to this article equally as the first authors W. Wang : X. Wang (*) Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China e-mail: [email protected]
and CRISPR screening (Chu et al. 2017; Wang and Wang 2017; Wang et al. 2017). Single-cell RNA and DNA sequencing was a key approach in uncovering the heterogeneity and molecular regulations in resistant cells and circulating tumor cells, based on which a model of the artificial intelligent single cell can be established for clinical application. This model could help to achieve rapid bioinformatics analyses of multiple dimensional omics data, fast indications/suggestions in decisionmaking, and efficient therapies for complex severe diseases (Wang et al. 2018; Zeng et al. 2018; Zhu et al. 2018; Yin et al. 2019). An in-depth understanding of pre-, inter-, and posttranscriptional profiles at a cell has heralded a new era of single-cell biomedicine. Single-cell nuclear elements are major parts of pre-transcriptional profiles, and they are responsible for regulating the interaction between transcriptional factors, DNA elements, and genome organizations and for controlling the developmental evolution and dynamic formation of genotoxicity (Zeng et al. 2020). Single-cell gene editing (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9, Cas9, and Cas13) can be a new strategy for defining target-dependent molecular networks and mechanism of cell biology and toxicology (Wang et al. 2019; Yan et al. 2019). For ex
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