A Survey of Model Driven Engineering Tools for User Interface Design
The introduction of new technologies leads to a more and more complex interactive systems design. In order to describe the future interactive system, the human computer interaction (HCI) domain uses specific models and tools. In another way, the Model Dri
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bstract. The introduction of new technologies leads to a more and more complex interactive systems design. In order to describe the future interactive system, the human computer interaction (HCI) domain uses specific models and tools. In another way, the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approach has been proposed in software engineering domain in order to provide techniques and tools for dealing with models in an automated way. MDE approach is based on models, meta-models, models transformation and models weaving and aims to produce productive models, i.e. models concentrated on their generative power. Considering these two domains and the already existing HCI works in MDE, the goal of this paper is to understand actual HCI design needs and to study how MDE tools can support HCI needs. As a first response, it proposes a survey of existing MDE tools in regards to HCI model management. Keywords: HCI, MDE, model, meta-model, transformation, MDE tools, User Interface Design.
1 Introduction Model-based approaches aim at helping developers understand user needs and design solutions in an effective way. In the HCI domain, models can be declarative in order to describe the future interactive system, but also generative to (semi-) automate the code generation. If the quality of the generated interfaces can be disappointing [22], models remain interesting for their declarative power. As a matter of fact, interactive systems are more and more complex: they can use everyday life objects to propose tangible interfaces; they can couple the virtual and the physical worlds in augmented reality systems; they can adapt themselves to the user context, etc. They are increasingly difficult to design. So new models appear to represent augmented reality systems [11, 27] or the user context (with a user model, a platform model and an environment model [28]). In terms of tools, the HCI community uses different tools to support the design of interactive systems, e.g. CTTE [21], GUIDE-ME [32] K-MADe [4], and Teresa [5]. These tools mainly give support to model editing for task models (CTTE, Teresa and K-MADe) or specific models such as ASUR models (GUIDE-ME). In addition, some M. Winckler, H. Johnson, and P. Palanque (Eds.): TAMODIA 2007, LNCS 4849, pp. 84 – 97, 2007. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
A Survey of Model Driven Engineering Tools for User Interface Design
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of them [33, 4] allow model simulation. However, many others operations are possible on models, in particular to increase their generative power. Model management aims at providing techniques and tools for dealing with models in more automated ways. It has been studied independently for years by several research communities in the context of databases, document management and software engineering. Nowadays, a federative approach emerges: model driven engineering (MDE [14]). At the origins of the movement, the Object Management Group proposes the Model Driven Architecture for object-oriented technologies. But this dependence on a technology and the absence of clear c
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