A survey of model-driven techniques and tools for cyber-physical systems
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2020 21(11):1567-1590
1567
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering www.jzus.zju.edu.cn; engineering.cae.cn; www.springerlink.com ISSN 2095-9184 (print); ISSN 2095-9230 (online) E-mail: [email protected]
Review:
A survey of model-driven techniques and tools for cyber-physical systems∗ Bo LIU†1 , Yuan-rui ZHANG1 , Xue-lian CAO1 , Yu LIU1 , Bin GU†‡2,3 , Tie-xin WANG†‡4 1RISE,
School of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China 2Beijing
3School 4College
Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100190, China
of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710029, China
of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China † E-mail:
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Received June 29, 2020; Revision accepted Sept. 29, 2020; Crosschecked Oct. 22, 2020
Abstract: Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have emerged as a potential enabling technology to handle the challenges in social and economic sustainable development. Since it was proposed in 2006, intensive research has been conducted, showing that the construction of a CPS is a hard and complex engineering process due to the nature of integrating a large number of heterogeneous subsystems. Among other approaches to dealing with the complex design issues, model-driven design of CPSs has shown its advantages. In this review paper, we present a survey of research on model-driven development of CPSs. We are concerned mainly with the widely used methods, techniques, and tools, and discuss how these are applied to CPSs. We also present comparative analyses on the surveyed techniques and tools from various perspectives, including their modeling languages, functionalities, and the challenges which they address in CPS design. With our understanding of the surveyed methods, we believe that model-driven approaches are an inevitable choice in building CPSs and further research effort is needed in the development of model-driven theories, techniques, and tools. We also argue that a unified modeling platform is needed. Such a platform would benefit research in the academic community and practical development in industry, and improve the collaboration between these two communities. Key words: Cyber-physical systems; Model-driven approach; System modeling; Software engineering https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000311 CLC number: TP311
1 Introduction Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have emerged in recent decades as one of the most attractive realms in both academic and industrial information and communication technology (ICT) communities. The term CPS was coined in 2006 by Helen Gill at the Na‡ *
Corresponding authors
Project supported by the Special Foundation for Basic Science and Frontier Technology Research Program of Chongqing, China (No. cstc2017jcyjAX0295), the Capacity Development Foundation of Southwest University, China (No. SWU116007), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 62032019, 61732019, 6167243
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