A Theme Series on Emerging Technologies for Use in the Study, Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with COVID-19
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Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering (Ó 2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-020-00645-w
COVID-19
A Theme Series on Emerging Technologies for Use in the Study, Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with COVID-19 CHELSEY S. SIMMONS,1 OWEN J. T. MCCARTY,2 and ANUBHAV TRIPATHI3 1
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; and 3Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Associate Editor Michael King oversaw the review of this article.
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has overwhelmed worldwide healthcare systems, having infected over 2 million people in the US alone at the time of this writing. The direct cost of COVID-19 care is staggering, as is the enormous global economic impact of the disease. In addition to a safe and effective vaccine, safe and effective antiviral and disease mitigation treatments are desperately needed to prevent COVID-19 or reduce clinical decompensation and death from severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The cellular and molecular bioengineering community has a history of innovative approaches to address pressing biomedical challenges. As a voice for this community, in this issue of Cellular & Molecular Bioengineering, we have compiled a series of commentaries and reviews that reflect how the biomedical engineering community continues to contribute to fields that have become central to understanding, treating, and managing the COVID-19 pandemic. This special issue is anchored by a comprehensive review from Maria Tsikala Vafea, Eleftherios Mylonakis, and colleagues of innovative technological advances being applied to address the current pandemic. While the majority of COVID-19 patients have a mild illness, a minority of patients require hospitalization for severe viral pneumonia, and many further deteriorate due to systemic cytokine release, thrombotic obstruction of pulmonary vessels, respiratory failure, thromboembolism, metabolic and multiple Address correspondence to Chelsey S. Simmons, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic mail: css@ufl.edu
organ failure, septic shock, and death. Despite current supportive care, COVID-19 is now among the most frequent causes of natural death, at mortality rates up to 65 per 100,000 lives, with case fatality ratios up to 15% among the most affected countries. Opportunities for technologies to intervene in COVID-19 disease progression are highlighted by Jasmine Shirazi, Jason Gleghorn, and colleagues, with additional commentary on exploring confounding risks from cancer by Nidhi Jyotsana and Michael R. King. In addition to nonselective antiviral and antibacterial agents, many ill patients also receive empiric anticoagulation and offlabel therapies without evidence of s
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