A2 and Other Visceralizing Proteins of Leishmania: Role in Pathogenesis and Application for Vaccine Development
Visceral leishmaniasis is a re-emergent disease and a significant cause of morbidity worldwide. Amongst the more than 20 Leishmania species, Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum and more rarely Leishmania amazonensis are associated with visceral leish
- PDF / 459,623 Bytes
- 25 Pages / 439.37 x 666.14 pts Page_size
- 97 Downloads / 166 Views
A2 and Other Visceralizing Proteins of Leishmania: Role in Pathogenesis and Application for Vaccine Development Ana Paula Fernandes, Adriana Monte Cassiano Canavaci, Laura-Isobel McCall, and Greg Matlashewski
Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis is a re-emergent disease and a significant cause of morbidity worldwide. Amongst the more than 20 Leishmania species, Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum and more rarely Leishmania amazonensis are associated with visceral leishmaniasis. A major question in leishmaniasis research is how these species migrate to and infect visceral organs whereas other species such as Leishmania major and Leishmania braziliensis remain in the skin, causing tegumentary leishmaniasis. Here we present the more recent advances and approaches towards the identification of species-specific visceralizing factors of Leishmania, such as the A2 protein, leading to a better understanding of parasite biology. We also discuss their potential use for the development of a vaccine for visceral leishmaniasis.
Abbreviations cGAPDH CL CTL CVL DALYs DCL
Cytosolic GAPDH Cutaneous leishmaniasis Cytolytic T lymphocytes Canine visceral leishmaniasis Disability-adjusted life years Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis
A.P. Fernandes (*) • A.M.C. Canavaci Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270901, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] L.-I. McCall • G. Matlashewski Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada A.L.S. Santos et al. (eds.), Proteins and Proteomics of Leishmania and Trypanosoma, Subcellular Biochemistry 74, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7305-9_3, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
77
78
DCs DHFR-TS ELISA GAPDH gp hsp IFN-γ Ig IL iNOS MHC ML mo-DCs mRNA NK PCR PKDL RNI ROI SIDER TAP TGF-β Th TNF-α Treg UPR UTR VL
A.P. Fernandes et al.
Dendritic cells Dihydrofolate reductase-thymidilate synthase Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycoprotein Heat shock protein Gamma interferon Immunoglobulin Interleukin Inducible nitric oxide synthase Major histocompatibility complex Mucosal leishmaniasis Monocyte-derived dendritic cells Messenger ribonucleic acid Natural killer Polimerase chain reaction Post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis Radical nitrogen intermediates Radical oxygen intermediates Small interspersed degenerate retroposons Transporter associated with antigen processing Transforming growth factor-beta T helper Tumor Necrosis factor-alfa Regulatory T cells Unfolded protein response Untranslated region Visceral leishmaniasis
1 Leishmania Parasites Leishmania (order Kinetoplastida, family Trypanosomatidae) are vector-borne protozoan parasites. Out of the approximately 30 Leishmania species, 20 are human pathogens, the causative agents of human leishmaniasis in the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) and the New World (Americas). Leishmania are divided into two subgenera, the subgenus Leishmania, found in both Old and New Wor
Data Loading...
