Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants Physiological, Molecular and Gen
Environmental insults such as extremes of temperature, extremes of water status as well as deteriorating soil conditions pose major threats to agriculture and food security. Employing contemporary tools and techniques from all branches of science, attempt
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Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants
Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants Physiological, Molecular and Genomic Foundation
Edited by
Ashwani Pareek Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India
Sudhir K. Sopory International Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
Hans J. Bohnert University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, USA
and
Govindjee University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, USA
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009941298
ISBN 978-90-481-3111-2 (HB) ISBN 978-90-481-3112-9 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Front cover artwork symbolizes the impact of abiotic stress on crop plants and the various physiological, molecular and genomic approaches being used to cope up with stress. Left top: Rice, a staple food crop for more than half of the world population and one of the major crops being affected by abiotic stress; left bottom: drought affected land; left middle: saline land near the natural salt water lake - Sambhar lake in Rajasthan, India. Right panel shows (in sequence from the top) stomata from the rice leaf under salinity stress; microarray image from a rice array showing transcriptome alterations under stress; 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gel showing proteome of a salt stressed rice plant; beta glucoronidase (GUS) stained flower of Brassica plant transformed with uidA gene showing its transgenic nature. Courtesy of Sneh Pareek, Anil Singh and Ashwani Pareek.
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2010 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Professor Ray J. Wu (August 14, 1928 – February 10, 2008) Born in China and educated in the USA, Ray Wu spent most of his time at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. He was an outstanding biochemists, who recognized the significance of DNA engineering, and was one of the first to develop DNA sequencing and recombinant DNA methods. His major work was in rice biotechnology and his vision was to feed the world with high yielding, insect resistant and drought tolerant plants. His other interests have exceeded his work as a scientist and he served as an ambassador for advancing international collaborations and understanding. We dedicate this book to Ray J. Wu as a token of our appreciation and respect for him and his achievements.
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Contents Contents
vii
Preface
xv
Contributors
xix
The Editors
xxiii
Author Index
xxvii
Color Plates
xxix
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Abiotic Tolerance and Crop Improvement Subrahmaniam Nagarajan and Shantha Nagarajan I Introduction II Types of Abiotic Stress in Plants III High Temperature Stress IV Cold
