Acute application of photobiomodulation does not bring important gains for the muscular performance and functionality of
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Acute application of photobiomodulation does not bring important gains for the muscular performance and functionality of diabetic individuals Aline Gobbi 1
&
Gabriela de Carvalho 1
&
André Timóteo Sapalo 1
&
Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro 1
Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been used to improve the physical performance of individuals with advanced age; however, there are no studies in the literature that support the application of light-emitting diode (LED) therapy for the muscular performance of individuals with diabetes mellitus who show a decline in functionality. The aim of the study was to analyze the acute effects of PBMT on strength and functional performance in type 2 diabetic individuals. Sixty-three volunteers were recruited and randomized into five groups: control (C), sham (S), red LED (R), infrared LED (IR), and red LED + infrared LED (R + IR). On the first day, the volunteers were evaluated using the time up and go (TUG), the 6-min walk test (6MWT), and isokinetic dynamometer of the ankle. In the following 3 days, groups R, IR, R + IR, and S returned for application of PBMT bilaterally, with 180 J of energy on each leg. On the fifth day, a reassessment was performed. There was no statistical difference between groups for the variables of the isokinetic dynamometer, TUG, and 6MWT. Analysis of the size of the clinical effect for the isokinetic variables showed that there was no pattern among the effects observed. There is a moderate effect in favor of R, IR, and R + IR in relation to C for the TUG and a moderate effect of R + IR in relation to C for the 6MWT. The PBMT applied for a short period does not bring important gains for the muscular performance and functionality of diabetic individuals. Keywords Physiotherapy . Muscle strength . Photobiomodulation . Diabetes mellitus
Introduction Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) involves the use of light with the application of a low-intensity laser or light-emitting diode (LED). The biological effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) are mediated by the absorption of photons in the chromophores, present mainly inside the mitochondria, whose main function is to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [1]. The initial interaction occurs in the absorption of energy by cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) in the mitochondrial respiratory chair [2], triggering the effects of PBM and increasing the production of ATP and consumption of oxygen by cells [3–5].
* Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro [email protected] 1
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Healthy Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900 – Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
PBMT has been used to improve the functionality and physical performance of healthy individuals, elderly individuals, and athletes [6–9], preserving the tissue against muscle damage and accelerat
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