Acute Toxicity Bioassay with the Amphipod, Grandidierella bonnieroides S. After Exposure to Sediments from an Urban Estu
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Acute Toxicity Bioassay with the Amphipod, Grandidierella bonnieroides S. After Exposure to Sediments from an Urban Estuary (Macae´ River Estuary, RJ, Brazil) Mauricio Mussi Molisani • Rafael Nogueira Costa • Priscila Cunha • Carlos Eduardo de Rezende • Maria Ineˆs Paes Ferreira • Francisco de Assis Esteves
Received: 23 February 2012 / Accepted: 26 October 2012 / Published online: 3 November 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
Abstract Acute toxicity to Grandidierella bonnieroides and physicochemical analysis were used for quality assessment of the sediment of the Macae´ River urban estuary, located in the Brazilian coast where rapid socioeconomic growth has been induced by offshore oil and gas exploration at the Campos Basin. Sediment samples were collected during four events in four sampling sites of the estuary and also in a control site. Organism mortality after exposure to the estuarine sediments was, on average, 30 % a value higher than in the control site where it was 10 %. This result together with the physicochemical analysis suggests an initial toxicity condition of the sediments from this aquatic coastal environment. Keywords Grandidierella bonnieroides Acute toxicity Sediment assessment Estuary
M. M. Molisani (&) R. N. Costa F. de Assis Esteves Nu´cleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento So´cio-Ambiental de Macae´ (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—Campus Macae´ (UFRJ), CEP: 27971-550 Macae´, RJ, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] P. Cunha Laborato´rio de Ana´lise Ambiental Ltda, (LABTOX) BIO-RIO/UFRJ, CEP: 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil C. E. de Rezende Laborato´rio de Cieˆncias Ambientais, Centro de Biocieˆncias e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, CEP:28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil M. I. P. Ferreira Instituto Federal de Educac¸a˜o, Cieˆncia e Tecnologia Fluminense (Campus Macae´), CEP: 27973-030 Macae´, RJ, Brazil
Worldwide, coastal zones have been subject to increasing human pressure as exemplified by developing countries such as Brazil, in which 2/3 of its 190 million inhabitants live within 100 km of the coast. To support the expanding near-shore population, the development of socioeconomic activities such as agriculture, industrialization and urbanization arise along with other pressures in coastal environments (Lacerda et al. 2002). During the last three decades, some areas of the Brazilian coast have experienced rapid economic growth induced by offshore oil exploration. To support petroleum and natural gas exploration extending hundreds of miles offshore and to water depths approaching 2,000 m, onshore operational facilities are necessary and, consequently, many municipalities have expanded to meet the growing oil and gas production demands along the Brazilian coast. An example of this scenario is the Macae´ municipality, located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, which is the onshore operational base of the offshore oil field exploration in the Campos Basin. Since the 1970s when the exploration activities began in the C
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