Adsorption kinetic modeling of toxic vapors on activated carbon in the batch reactor
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Adsorption kinetic modeling of toxic vapors on activated carbon in the batch reactor Peyman Moeini1 · Ahmad Bagheri1 Received: 3 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The compound ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (OCM) is the defining component of tear gas commonly referred to as CS gas. In present work, at first, OCM was changed from solid state to aerosol form (vapor) using thermal technique and then the kinetics of adsorption of OCM aerosol on a cylindrical activated carbon was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, an experimental setup was designed and manufactured for measurement of adsorbed-gas equilibrium pressure. The effects of the initial weight of OCM (3–15 mg) and time of adsorption were studied. The kinetic adsorption data were correlated with eight different models in order to select the best model for this system. The kinetic adsorption data were well described by fractal-like pseudo-first order (FL-PFO) with high correlation coefficient (average R2 > 0.9963) and the appropriate physical interpretation of model coefficients. In addition, the t test results confirm the high capability of FL-PFO model for the analysis of the kinetic data. The obtained results showed that the equilibrium adsorption time significantly increased and the adsorption rate coefficient decreased (to a minimum value) with increasing initial weight of OCM. Also, the analysis of adsorption data for this system confirms that there are heterogeneous sites in the adsorbent surface with different adsorption energies. Keywords Adsorption · Kinetic · Fractal-like · FL-PFO · Activated carbon · OCM
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1116 4-020-04277-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ahmad Bagheri [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Semnan University, P.O. Box 35131‑19111, Semnan, Iran
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Introduction The strong development of various industries and technologies has resulted in a large amount of waste materials produced by new industrial and agricultural products that need to be removed or reduced before discharge into the natural environment [1–5]. Environmental pollution by both contaminants from aqueous solutions and toxic gases is causing great concern worldwide and seriously threatens human health and the environment [6, 7]. Oxygen delivery to the body organs, mainly heart and brain, can be reduced by toxic gases, and it is a serious health threat [8, 9]. Adsorption is a physical method which removes ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid onto the surfaces of adsorbent. Adsorption methods employing solid adsorbent have been broadly used to remove certain classes of chemical pollutants from wastewater and gas separation [9–11]. Packed bed systems are widely used in adsorption of organic vapors, organic solvent and some toxic gases. A simple packed bed system comprised an energy source, a pac
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