Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamics of Removal of Anionic Surfactant from Aqueous Solution Using Fly Ash
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Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamics of Removal of Anionic Surfactant from Aqueous Solution Using Fly Ash Ahmer Ali Siyal & Rashid Shamsuddin Aaron Low & Arif Hidayat
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Received: 15 June 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Surfactants are organic compounds which can be used in several applications. However, they can contaminate world water resources causing detrimental effects to human beings, aquatic life, and animals. This paper investigates the adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic properties for the removal of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), using fly ash. Characteristics of fly ash such as surface area and pore size analysis and the point of zero charge (PZC) were determined. The effects of parameters such as pH, surfactant concentration, and temperature and the adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic properties and adsorption mechanism were determined. Fly ash is a mesoporous material having surface area and pore size of 1.079 m2/g and 9.813 nm and PZC at pH 6.58. pH 2 and the temperature 25 °C were optimum for adsorbing SDBS onto fly ash. The adsorption capacity and removal efficiency
increased by increasing the concentration of SDBS from 100 to 2000 mg/L, indicating that the increase of surfactant concentration could not saturate the surface of fly ash. The pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir isotherm models showed best fit to the adsorption data and the thermodynamic properties described adsorption as an exothermic, barrierless, non-spontaneous, and entropy-reducing reaction which is more feasible at a lower temperature of 25 °C. This indicated that the adsorption occurs by both physisorption and chemisorption with monolayer coverage of SDBS on the surface of fly ash. SDBS surfactant adsorbed onto fly ash mainly through electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged SDBS and fly ash.
A. A. Siyal : R. Shamsuddin (*) HICoE, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Institute for Sustainable Living, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected]
1 Introduction
A. Low Ligar LP, 10 Bisley Road, Ruakura Research Campus, Hamilton, New Zealand A. Hidayat Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Jalan Kaliurang km.14.5, Ngemplak, Sleman D.I., Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
Keywords Surfactant . Wastewater . Adsorption . Isotherm . Kinetics . Thermodynamic properties
The world’s water resources are contaminated by the release of many pollutants into water sources such as rivers, streams, and oceans. Surfactants are the emerging water pollutants regularly observed in wastewater. They are hazardous compounds which can have negative effects on the environment (eutrophication) as well as on humans, animals, and fish (cancer, endocrine disruption, dermatitis, eye irritation, and pathological, physiological, and biological effects) (Kimerle and Swisher 1977; Ö
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