Adsorption of Heavy Metals Using Activated Carbon Synthesized from the Residues of Medicinal Herbs
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dsorption of Heavy Metals Using Activated Carbon Synthesized from the Residues of Medicinal Herbs C. Z. Yana, M. G. Kimb, H. U. Hwangc, A. M. Nziokad, Y. J. Simc, and Y. J. Kimc, * aHubei
University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, People’s Republic of China b Keimyung College University, Daegu, Republic of Korea c Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea d Silla Entech, Daegu, Republic of Korea *e-mail: [email protected]
Received May 4, 2018; revised November 19, 2018; accepted November 29, 2018
Abstract—In this study, we used activated carbon produced from the biomass recovered from the medicinal plant residue for the adsorption process. This study aimed to investigate its effectiveness to adsorb heavy metals at different activating methods and operating conditions. The carbonized residue was activated using both physical and chemical activations to produce activated carbon. The physical and chemical properties of the prepared activated carbon and iodine adsorption capacity were measured and the performance of the activated carbon as an adsorbent examined. Results showed that the physical activation exhibited optimum operating conditions at the carbonization temperature of 650°C for 60 min and moisture content of 10%. Experimental results on adsorption with synthetic wastewater showed that the optimal operating conditions for the removal of Pb2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions were at pH 5, temperature of 25°C, adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and contact time of 1.5 h. Adsorption index of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm was higher, and the 1/n values of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions was 0.37, 0.35 and 0.22, respectively. Results showed that the activated carbon from the sample material exhibited a high regeneration capacity. Keywords: medicinal herb residue, chemical activation, physical activation, activated carbon, heavy metals DOI: 10.1134/S0040579520050474
INTRODUCTION Activated carbon has, for a long time been widely used not only as an adsorbent, but also as a deodorizing, decolorizing and catalyst because of the porous structure and the various sizes of the pores. As the demand for separation and purification of mixed compounds increases in Korea, demand for new and innovative manufacturing method/technology of activated carbon is required. In recent years, various surface treatment processes on activated carbon to control the distribution of pores, surface oxides, and modified form have been considered and used. Currently, the total amount of activated carbon (powder and granular form) consumed in Korea is about 30000 tons/year [1]. One of the challenges facing Korea is the adequate security of the primary resources of the activated carbon (i.e., coconut shell) since it is obtained from South East Asia. Given the challenges mentioned above, we sought to utilize biomass classified as municipal wastes, which might have an economic advantage over the existing source of activated carbon. Biomass resources are plant resources, which could be converted to energy. The prospects of utilizing different biomasses have
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