Adsorption of organic compounds on mesoporous material from rice husk ash (RHA)
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Adsorption of organic compounds on mesoporous material from rice husk ash (RHA) José Arnaldo S. Costa 1,2
&
Victor H. V. Sarmento 3 & Luciane P. C. Romão 4 & Caio M. Paranhos 2
Received: 23 April 2019 / Revised: 28 June 2019 / Accepted: 8 July 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The MCM-41 (TEOS) and MCM-41 (RHA) were synthesized from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and rice husk ash (RHA), respectively. The mesoporous materials were used for the removal of the naphthalene (Nap), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F), and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) organic compounds from aqueous media. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are released into the aquatic environments via petroleum spill, industrial discharge, the combustion of fossil fuels, automobile exhaust, and nonpoint sources, such as atmospheric deposition and urban runoff. These compounds can be a threat to environment and humans, since they are recalcitrant, toxic, carcinogenic, and/or mutagenic pollutants. The mesoporous silicas were characterized by FTIR, TGA, SAXS, SEM, and N2 adsorption/desorption analyses. Removal processes were conducted to evaluate the initial PAHs concentrations and individual adsorption in comparison with the mixture of same, as well as adsorbent amount, solution pH, contact time, and temperature. The nanostructured materials exhibited the textural and structural properties typical of mesoporous materials. The qe values found in the kinetic equilibrium for the PAHs mixture followed the same increasing order for the two mesoporous materials: Nap < B[a]P < B[k]F < B[b]F, with removal percentages of 67.71, 94.30, 95.30, and 98.04% for MCM-41 (TEOS) and 79.94, 94.34, 95.32, and 98.25% for MCM-41 (RHA), respectively. Keywords Rice husk ash . Nanostructured materials . Adsorption process . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
1 Introduction Recycling of industrial waste is very important to attenuate the impacts caused to the environment, as well as to avoid contamination to humans. Since industrial activities produce a certain amount of waste not related to the objectives of the
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-019-00476-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * José Arnaldo S. Costa [email protected] 1
CICECO, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
2
Polymer Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
3
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
4
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergip, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
production itself [1, 2]. In Brazil, the planting of rice is one of the main agricultural crops [3, 4], and world rice production has been increasing since 2009, with a production of more than 724 million tons; in contrast, Brazil produced 11 million tons between th
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