Adsorption of Pb(II) in Water by Niobate/Titanate Nanoflakes
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726 DOI
https: //doi. org/10.1007/s11595-020-2314-5
Adsorption of Pb(II) in Water by Niobate/ Titanate Nanoflakes DING Qingwei1D, SUI Rui1D, LIU Xiaona1, QIAN Tianwei2*
( 1.College of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; 2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, China)
Abstract: A niobate/titanat nanoflakes (Nb/TiNFs) composite was synthesized via the hydrothermal method and used to remove Pb(II) from water. XRD, TEM, and SEM results indicate that Nb/TiNFs appear as nanoflakes, of which the primary crystal phase is tri-titanate. Nb/TiNFs show rapid adsorption kinetics and the result fits well with the pseudo-second order model. The key mechanism of adsorption is ion-exchange between metal and -ONa/H. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum capacity of Pb(II) is 488.323 mg·g-1. The relatively low RL values indicate that Nb/TiNFs exhibit favorable adsorption of Pb(II). Nb/TiNFs indicate high adsorption capacity over a broad pH range. Co-existing inorganic ions (Na+ and Ca2+) have a slight inhibition effect on adsorption, and HA moderately inhibits the adsorption of Pb(II) on Nb/TiNFs. Because of the simple method of synthesis and high removal efficiency for heavy metals, Nb/TiNFs are a promising material in remediation of heavy metal polluted water. Key words: Nb/TiNFs; Pb(II); adsorption; ion-exchange
1 Introduction Heavy metal contamination in water has become an increasing problem as modern industry has developed. Heavy metals can be highly toxic and carcinogenic even at low levels due to the slow rate at which they degrade[1-3]. Lead (Pb), which is commonly found in drinking water and aquatic ecosystems, is a heavy metal well-known for its toxic effects[4, 5]. Current methods for eliminating heavy metals from water include adsorption[6], membrane filtration[7], electronic removal[8], and chemical precipitation[9]. Adsorption is recognized as the most efficient method in part due to its ease of use and widespread applications in industrial situations[10,11]. The issue with adsorption is
© Wuhan University of Technology and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, Part of Springer Nature 2020 (Received: Mar. 12, 2020; Accepted: Apr. 21, 2020) DING Qingwei(丁庆伟): Assoc. Prof.; Ph D; E-mail: [email protected]; SUI Rui(隋睿): E-mail: 1459015005@ qq.com D These two authors are co-first authors, and contribute equally to this work. * Corresponding author: QIAN Tianwei(钱天伟): Prof.; Ph D; E-mail: [email protected] Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41272375) , and the Key Research and Development Plan of Shanxi Province ( No. 201903D121085)
finding a cheap and practical adsorbent. Natural materials such as zeolite [12], fungal biomass[13], bentonite[14], shellfish[15], obermorites[16], and sawdust[17] have been used to remove heavy metals from water, but these materials have a low capacity for adsorption, extended equilibration times, and have complicated regene
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