Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue from Water Using High-Performance Alginate-Based Beads
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Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue from Water Using High-Performance Alginate-Based Beads Israa Othman & Mohammad Abu Haija Pravin Kannan & Fawzi Banat
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Received: 15 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In this study, composite ACCF-A was synthesized using activated carbon (AC), copper ferrite (CF), and alginate (A) and used as adsorbent to remove methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. The beads were prepared by incorporating AC/CF nanocomposites into alginate by an ionic gelation method. The synthesized ACCF-A composite was characterized using FTIR, SEM, EDX, BET, TGA, and zeta-potential. The adsorptive capacities of ACCF-A composite toward methylene blue (MB) as a model dye in aqueous solution were studied through batch adsorption experiments in which the effects of initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, ionic strength, and contact time on MB removal efficiency were examined. Results revealed that ACCF-A had a maximum adsorption capacity of 400.0 mg/g for MB, suggesting the potential of ACCF-A as a promising adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. The adsorbent demonstrated fast adsorption kinetics and high adsorption capacity over a wide pH range (6–12). The adsorption data were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. Thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption of MB on ACCF-A was spontaneous and exothermic. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model described the MB adsorption process with good fitting. Intra-particle diffusion I. Othman : M. Abu Haija (*) Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates e-mail: [email protected] P. Kannan : F. Banat Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
model indicated that diffusion is not the only rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. The developed adsorbent was successfully regenerated for up to eight consecutive cycles, with only 2% loss in adsorption capacity. Keywords Methylene blue . Adsorption . Alginate . Activated carbon . Nano-copper ferrite . Isotherms
1 Introduction The lack of clean water in some parts of the world is one of the most urgent concerns that need to be tackled (Nouri et al. 2019). One of the key solutions to this problem is the treatment and reuse of industrial wastewater for certain applications. However, wastewaters discharged from textile, printing, cosmetic, food, and dye industries contain significant concentrations of dyes, heavy metals, and other chemicals that can pollute water bodies (Banerjee and Chattopadhyaya 2017; Muthusaravanan et al. 2018; Othman et al. 2020; Sharavanan et al. 2020). For instance, dyes are toxic chemicals and represent a serious threat to aquatic systems as they are considered mutagenic and carcinogenic (Robinson et al. 2001). Even at low concentrations in water, dyes are highly visible and can affect transparency and the gas solubility in water. In addi
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