Alginate-bentonite beads for efficient adsorption of methylene blue dye
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(2020) 5:31
CONFERENCE PAPER
Alginate‑bentonite beads for efficient adsorption of methylene blue dye Asma Oussalah1 · Abdelhamid Boukerroui1 Received: 22 August 2018 / Accepted: 9 May 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In this study, alginate/bentonite adsorbent beads (Alg/Ben) were prepared by encapsulating natural bentonite (Ben) in calcium alginate (Alg). Different Alg/Ben ratios were applied during bead preparation, yielding beads denoted Alg-Ben1 (1/1 w/w), Alg-Ben2 (1/2 w/w), and Alg-Ben3 (1/3 w/w), respectively. These adsorbents were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution on the Alg/ Ben beads was investigated as a function of several parameters, including initial MB concentration and contact time. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium adsorption isotherms, and they were found to be well described by the Langmuir model. Encapsulating Ben in Alg led to a substantial increase in maximum amount of methylene blue adsorbed by Ben, from 345 to 1237 mg g−1. The results showed that, among the three types of Alg/Ben beads, Alg-Ben1 presented the greatest MB adsorption capacity. A kinetic study indicated that the adsorption was governed by second-order kinetics. Keywords Adsorption · Dye adsorption · Methylene blue · Bentonite · Calcium alginate
Introduction Many industries—including the textile, leather, paper, and plastic industries—use dyes to color their products. These dyeing processes require substantial amounts of water and generate large volumes of colored wastewaters, which may be released directly into the environment. The toxic dyes present in these wastewaters degrade the ecosystem. Such pollution is difficult to measure and control. To stop this pollution of the environment, it is necessary to remove the dyes from the wastewaters before they are released into streams and rivers. The processes that can be employed to achieve this include flocculation, precipitation, ion exchange, membrane filtration, electrochemical destruction, irradiation, ozonation, and adsorption (Pandey 2017; Rafatullaha et al. Communicated by Mohamed Ksibi, co-Editor in Chief. * Abdelhamid Boukerroui [email protected] Asma Oussalah [email protected] 1
LTMGP Laboratory University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaïa, Algeria
2010). It is known that the clay minerals such as bentonite exhibit strong affinities for MB (Adeyemo et al. 2017; Almeida et al. 2009; Anuridhan and Ramachandran 2015; Kausar et al. 2018). Many authors have also reported that the adsorption capacity of bentonite is insufficient for some adsorbates (Almeida et al. 2009), but that it can be improved by purification and chemical treatment or modification (Kıransan et al 2014; Oladipo and Gazi 2014; Pandey 2017; Uyar et al. 2016). Recently, there has been great interest in improving the adsorption capacity of bentonite by creating mixed materials containing calcium alginate and bentonite, such as alg
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