Advanced Surfaces by Anchoring Thin Hydrogel Layers of Functional Polymers
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REVIEW
POLYMER SCIENCE
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2474-y Chinese J. Polym. Sci.
Advanced Surfaces by Anchoring Thin Hydrogel Layers of Functional Polymers Farzad Seidia*, Wei-Feng Zhaob, Hui-Ning Xiaoc*, Yong-Can Jina, Mohammad Reza Saebd, and Chang-Sheng Zhaob* a Provincial
Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Sci and Tech, and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China b College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China c Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3 Canada d Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, 16765-654, Tehran, Iran
Abstract Surface design and engineering is a critical tool to improve the interaction of materials with their surroundings. Immobilization of soft hydrogels is one of the attractive strategies to achieve surface modification. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the different strategies used for surface tethering of hydrogel layers via crosslinking immobilization of pre-fabricated functional polymers. In this strategy, crosslinkable polymers are first prepared via various polymerization techniques or post-functionalization of polymers. Afterwards, the crosslinkable polymers are attached or tethered on the surfaces of substrates using a variety of approaches including photo-crosslinking, click reactions, reversible linkages, etc. For each case, the principles of hydrogel tethering have been explained in detail with representative examples. Moreover, the potential applications of the as-modified substrates in specific cases have also been addressed and overviewed. Keywords Surface-anchoring; Polymerization; Thin hydrogel film; Immobilization; Post-functionalization Citation: Seidi, F.; Zhao, W. F.; Xiao, H. N.; Jin, Y. C.; Saeb, M. R.; Zhao, C. S. Advanced surfaces by anchoring thin hydrogel layers of functional polymers. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2474-y
INTRODUCTION Performance of the materials is highly dependent on the surface characteristics because the surface has direct contact with the media. Virgin surfaces do not have satisfactory properties for many applications and faced undesired issues including fouling,[1] corrosion,[2] friction,[3] and fogging.[4] Therefore, the engineering of surfaces has been used extensively to improve their properties. Hydrogels as the most well-known soft materials are very promising for modification of the surfaces of various substrates. The soft structure of hydrogels in aqueous medium makes them excellent candidates in biomedical applications.[5−8] One of the straightforward methods for immobilization of thin hydrogel layers on the surface of substrates is the fabrication of functional hydrophilic polymers and subsequent crosslinkings on the surfaces. In this strategy, it is essential to synthesize functional and cros
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