Advancement of a model for electrical conductivity of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotubes by a known
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Advancement of a model for electrical conductivity of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotubes by a known model for thermal conductivity Yasser Zare1 · Kyong Yop Rhee2 Received: 23 August 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The models for thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNT) (PCNT) can express the electrical conductivity, because both electrical and thermal conductivities consistently depend on the CNT properties. In this study, a known model for thermal conductivity of PCNT is simplified and developed for electrical conductivity assuming CNT aspect ratio, network fraction, interphase districts, tunneling area between near CNT and CNT wettability by poly‑ mer medium. Simple equations express the volume fraction of networked CNT by CNT loading, CNT size and interphase depth. In addition, applicable equations suggest the total conduction of CNT and tunnels. The satisfactory matching among measured records and forecasts in addition to the rational effects of whole factors on the conductivity confirm the advanced model. Lengthy CNT and dense interphase usefully manipulate the conductivity, but short CNT or thin interphase cannot increase the conductivity of insulated medium. Additionally, only the high level of polymer tunneling resistivity prevents the conducting efficiency of CNT in PCNT. Also, wide tunnels and short tunneling distance highly progress the conductivity, but very small tunneling width causes an insulated specimen. Keywords Conductivity · Polymer nanocomposites · Interphase · Tunneling resistance · Wettability
1 Introduction The big aspect ratio (proportion of length to diameter) of carbon nanotubes (CNT) drops the percolation onset in polymer CNT nanocomposites (PCNT) establishing the conductive networks at low filler concentrations [1–17]. Therefore, a little fraction of CNT can principally improve the conductivity of PCNT, which is attractive, because most polymers are insulated. Moreover, the interphase districts among polymer medium and nanoparticles can contribute to the conductive networks [18–20]. A dense interphase moves the percolation onset to little filler loadings and swells the * Kyong Yop Rhee [email protected] 1
Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446‑701, Republic of Korea
2
nets, which develop the charge moving and conductivity. The percolating competence of interphase districts in the power of PCNT was stated [21, 22], while the interphase influence on the nanocomposite’s conductivity was over‑ looked in preceding reports. The tunneling effect chiefly handles the nanocomposite’s conductivity, because the small tunnels between contiguous nanofiller can transfer the electrons inducing conductivity [23, 24
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