Advances in Fe(III) bioreduction and its application prospect for groundwater remediation: A review
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Advances in Fe(III) bioreduction and its application prospect for groundwater remediation: A review Yu Jiang1,2, Beidou Xi (✉)1,2, Rui Li (✉)2, Mingxiao Li2, Zheng Xu2,3, Yuning Yang2,3, Shaobo Gao2,4 1 School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 2 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 3 Municipal and Environmental Engineering College, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China 4 School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China*
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
• Microbial Fe(III) reduction is closely related to the fate of pollutants. • Bioavailability of crystalline Fe(III) oxide is restricted due to thermodynamics. • Amorphous Fe(III) (hydro)oxides are more bioavailable. • Enrichment and incubation of Fe(III) reducing bacteria are significant.
ARTICLE INFO Article history:
Received 28 June 2019 Revised 31 August 2019 Accepted 13 October 2019 Available online 25 November 2019 Keywords: Microbial Fe(III) reduction Mechanism Groundwater contamination Remediation
ABSTRACT Microbial Fe(III) reduction is a significant driving force for the biogeochemical cycles of C, O, P, S, N, and dominates the natural bio-purification of contaminants in groundwater (e.g., petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated ethane, and chromium). In this review, the mechanisms and environmental significance of Fe(III) (hydro)oxides bioreduction are summarized. Compared with crystalline Fe(III) (hydro)oxides, amorphous Fe(III) (hydro)oxides are more bioavailable. Ligand and electron shuttle both play an important role in microbial Fe(III) reduction. The restrictive factors of Fe(III) (hydro) oxides bioreduction should be further investigated to reveal the characteristics and mechanisms of the process. It will improve the bioavailability of crystalline Fe(III) (hydro)oxides and accelerate the anaerobic oxidation efficiency of the reduction state pollutants. Furthermore, the approach to extract, culture, and incubate the functional Fe(III) reducing bacteria from actual complicated environment, and applying it to the bioremediation of organic, ammonia, and heavy metals contaminated groundwater will become a research topic in the future. There are a broad application prospects of Fe (III) (hydro)oxides bioreduction to groundwater bioremediation, which includes the in situ injection and permeable reactive barriers and the innovative Kariz wells system. The study provides an important reference for the treatment of reduced pollutants in contaminated groundwater. © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
✉ Corresponding authors E-mail: [email protected] (B. Xi); [email protected] (R. Li) Special Issue—China Urban Water Environment and Water Ecology (Responsible Editors: Huijuan Liu & Shubo Deng)
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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 13(6): 89
Introduct
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