Aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance in the Lactobacillus plantarum group
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance in the Lactobacillus plantarum group A. Guidone • R. G. Ianniello • A. Ricciardi T. Zotta • E. Parente
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Received: 14 January 2013 / Accepted: 22 March 2013 / Published online: 30 March 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
Abstract Aerobic metabolism and response to oxidative stress and starvation were studied in 11 Lactobacillus plantarum, L. paraplantarum and L. pentosus strains in order to assess the impact of aerobic metabolism on the growth and on the stress response. The strains were grown in aerobiosis without supplementation (AE), with hemin (AEH) or with hemin and menaquinone (AEHM) supplementation and in anaerobiosis (AN) in a complex buffered substrate. Growth rate, biomass yield, glucose and O2 consumption, production of lactic acid and H2O2, catalase activity, oxidative and starvation stress tolerance were evaluated. Aerobic growth increased biomass yield in late stationary phase. Further increase in yield was obtained with both hemin (H) and menaquinone (M) addition. With few exceptions, the increase in biomass correlated with the decrease of lactic acid which, however, decreased in anaerobic conditions as well in some strains. Addition of H or H ? M increased growth rate for some strains but reduced the duration of the lag phase. H2O2 production was found only for aerobic growth with no supplementation due to catalase production when hemin was supplemented. To our knowledge this is the first study in which the advantages of aerobic growth with H or H ? M in improving
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11274-013-1334-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. A. Guidone (&) R. G. Ianniello A. Ricciardi E. Parente Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Universita` degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy e-mail: [email protected] T. Zotta E. Parente Istituto di Scienze dell’Alimentazione, CNR, Avellino, Italy
tolerance of oxidative stress and long-term survival is demonstrated on several strains of the L. plantarum group. The results may have significant technological consequences for both starter and probiotic production. Keywords Lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus paraplantarum Lactobacillus pentosus Aerobic growth Oxidative stress
Introduction Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are fermentative organisms which do not need oxygen for growth but they can grow under aerobic conditions and the pyruvate produced from Embden-meyerhof-parnas or phosphoketolase pathway may be metabolized aerobically into acetyl-phosphate and acetate (Hickey et al.1983; Kandler 1983). Lactic acid bacteria consume molecular oxygen through the action of flavoprotein oxydases, including NADH oxidase, pyruvate oxydase, a-glycerophosphate oxidase, L-amino acid oxidase and lactate oxidase. LAB NADH oxidases catalyse two-or four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to form H2O2 or H2
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