All-Optical Switch Based on Nonlinear Optics
In this chapter, the first section gives the reviews of all-optical switch (AOS), including the significance, basic principle, classification method, application requirement, recent problem, and development direction.
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All-Optical Switch Based on Nonlinear Optics
In this chapter, the first section gives the reviews of all-optical switch (AOS), including the significance, basic principle, classification method, application requirement, recent problem, and development direction. The following sections discuss the six classes of all-optical switches, including optical coupler AOS, Sagnac interferometer AOS, M–Z interferometer AOS, ring resonator AOS, fiber grating AOS, and nanoscale AOS. We will respectively introduce the working principle of these AOSs, and estimate the switching power and the switching time of these AOSs. The working principles of these AOSs are based on various nonlinear optical effects including single photon or two-photon induced nonlinear refractive index change, or nonlinear absorption coefficient change, etc. Up to now, the all-optical switch research is in the stage of fundamental study, it can not reach the technology indexes required by practice device with low power, high speed, and low loss properties. In order to realize these technology indexes, we need shrink the space scale of devices, seek high nonlinearity and low absorption materials, design reasonable nano-structure devices, adopt the probe laser at optical communication wavelength and the pump laser with ultrashort pulsewidth, and use mature optoelectronic integrated technique. Exploration of the practical nano-scale AOSs is present main research direction of all-optical switch.
10.1
Summarization of All-Optical Switch
10.1.1 Research Direction of All-Optical Switch [1] 1. Significance of All-Optical Switch In the early 1960s the invention of laser marks that the optics started development from “Traditional Optics” to “Modern Optics”. So called “Modern Optics” is the optics that use laser as optical source. And the laser is consisted of coherence © Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, Shanghai and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd., 2017 C. Li, Nonlinear Optics, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1488-8_10
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All-Optical Switch Based on Nonlinear Optics
photons, so “Modern Optics” is just “Photonis”. Nowadays the Photonics already developed to “Optoelectronics” stage or “Micrometer photonics” state, the characteristic of this stage is “controlling light with electricity” and “opto-electronic hybrid”, the devises used in this stage, such as semiconductor laser, optical modulator, optical amplifier, photodetector, and electricity controlled optical switch, etc. All of them are “controlling light with electricity” devices and with micrometer scale. The application systems in this stage, such as the optical communication system, the computer system and the optical sensing system are all opto-electricity hybrid systems. For present optical communication system, signal transmission is all-optical, but the signal switching is still used the electronic technology. For precent computer, although the external input and output equipment and storage and display equipment have been changed to photonic technology, but the data process chips are still using th
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