All-Printed Flexible Electrochemical Sensor Based on Polyaniline Electronic Ink for Copper (II), Lead (II) and Mercury (
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08418-x Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
All-Printed Flexible Electrochemical Sensor Based on Polyaniline Electronic Ink for Copper (II), Lead (II) and Mercury (II) Ion Determination YUJIE ZHAO,1 XIAOPING YANG,1,5 PENG PAN ,1,6 JUN LIU,1,7 ZHENGCHUN YANG,1 JUN WEI,1,2 WANG XU,1 QIWEN BAO,3 HAIWEI ZHANG,1 and ZHENYU LIAO3,4 1.—School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. 2.—Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075, Singapore. 3.—Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. 4.—Tianjin Food Safety Inspection Technology Institute, Tianjin 300308, China. 5.—e-mail: [email protected]. 6.—e-mail: [email protected]. 7.—e-mail: [email protected]
The electrochemical determination of copper (II), lead (II) and mercury (II) ions has been studied and analyzed in this paper. Preparation of polyaniline functional ink by electronic ink technology was proposed. Screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid @ polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite structure was used as an electrochemical sensor by all-printed technology to selectively detect copper, lead and mercury ions. The improved electrode is a great improvement in process simplicity and practicability. Square-wave voltammetry was used to detect the concentration of copper, lead and mercury ions, and the selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility and stability of the ions were also studied. The detection results show that the modified SPCE electrode has high selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility. The detection limit of copper ions was determined as 55.4 pM, that of lead ions was 22 pM, and that of mercury ions was 17.8 pM. Key words: Electrochemical ink, heavy metal ions, EDTA, PANI, electrochemical detection
INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of the global economy, heavy metals enter the water body in the form of man-made pollution such as mining, metal smelting and processing, chemical wastewater discharge, abuse of pesticides and fertilizers, disposal of domestic garbage and other natural causes such as geological erosion and weathering.1 Heavy metal pollution not only pollutes the water environment,
(Received April 21, 2020; accepted August 13, 2020)
but also seriously threatens the survival of human beings and various organisms. Exposure to excessive amounts of these ions in the body is through the atmosphere, water, food, etc.2 Although some heavy metals are essential trace elements for human health, their accumulation in the human body is limited to a certain extent, beyond which they also show pathogenic toxicity.3 Excessive copper ions in the human body causes certain damage to the liver, which results in Alzh
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