Biosorption of copper (II) and lead (II) from aqueous solutions by nonliving green algae Cladophora fascicularis : Equil
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Biosorption of copper (II) and lead (II) from aqueous solutions by nonliving green algae Cladophora f ascicularis: Equilibrium, kinetics and environmental effects Liping Deng · Yingying Su · Hua Su · Xinting Wang · Xiaobin Zhu
Received: 5 March 2006 / Revised: 16 September 2006 / Accepted: 3 October 2006 C Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2006
Abstract Biosorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ by Cladophora fascicularis was investigated as a function of initial pH, initial heavy metal concentrations, temperature and other co-existing ions. Adsorption equilibriums were well described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacities were 1.61 mmol/g for Cu2+ and 0.96 mmol/g for Pb2+ at 298 K and pH 5.0. The adsorption processes were endothermic and biosorption heats calculated by the Langmuir constant b were 39.0 and 29.6 kJ/mol for Cu2+ and Pb2+ , respectively. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order model. No significant effect on the uptake of Cu2+ and Pb2+ by co-existing cations and anions was observed, except EDTA. Desorption experiments indicated that Na2 EDTA was an efficient desorbent for the recovery of Cu2+ and Pb2+ from biomass. The results showed that Cladophora fascicularis was an effective and economical biosorbent material for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from wastewater.
L. Deng . Y. Su . H. Su . X. Wang . X. Zhu () Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China e-mail: [email protected] L. Deng . Y. Su . H. Su Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Keywords Biosorption . Heavy metal . Marine algae . Biosorption heat . Wastewater . Desorption . Desorbent
1 Introduction Heavy metal pollution in wastewater has always been a serious environmental problem because heavy metals are not biodegradable and can be accumulated in living tissues. Copper and lead are widely used in various important industrial applications. Copper at excessive concentration is toxic to living organism of humans and other creatures, especially fish (Terry and Stone, 2002). Lead, one of the three most toxic heavy metals, has long-term potential negative impacts on anemia, encephalopathy, hepatitis and nephritic syndrome (Lo et al., 1999). The removal and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater is important for the environmental protection and human health. Conventional methods applied to remove excessive heavy metals from aqueous solutions include precipitation, ion exchange, evaporation, electroplating and membrane processes. However, these methods are either inefficient or expensive when heavy metals exist in low concentrations. Additionally, these methods may also risk the generation of secondary wastes, which are difficult to treat (Kuyucak and Volesky, 1998; Alimohamadi et al., 2005). Consequently, it is urgent to find new technologies or materials for removing heavy metal ions from wastewater. Springer
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Biosorption utilizes the ability of certain materials to accumulate heavy metals from aqueous solu
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