All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries with Sulfide Electrolytes and Oxide Cathodes
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REVIEW ARTICLE
All‑Solid‑State Lithium Batteries with Sulfide Electrolytes and Oxide Cathodes Jinghua Wu1,2 · Lin Shen1,2 · Zhihua Zhang1 · Gaozhan Liu1,2 · Zhiyan Wang1,2 · Dong Zhou1 · Hongli Wan1,2 · Xiaoxiong Xu3,4 · Xiayin Yao1,2 Received: 18 February 2020 / Revised: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 22 August 2020 © Shanghai University and Periodicals Agency of Shanghai University 2020
Abstract All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their high safety and energy density. Among all corresponding solid electrolytes, sulfide electrolytes are considered to be the most promising ion conductors due to high ionic conductivities. Despite this, many challenges remain in the application of ASSLBs, including the stability of sulfide electrolytes, complex interfacial issues between sulfide electrolytes and oxide electrodes as well as unstable anodic interfaces. Although oxide cathodes remain the most viable electrode materials due to high stability and industrialization degrees, the matching of sulfide electrolytes with oxide cathodes is challenging for commercial use in ASSLBs. Based on this, this review will present an overview of emerging ASSLBs based on sulfide electrolytes and oxide cathodes and highlight critical properties such as compatible electrolyte/electrode interfaces. And by considering the current challenges and opportunities of sulfide electrolyte-based ASSLBs, possible research directions and perspectives are discussed. Keywords All-solid-state lithium batteries · Sulfide electrolytes · Oxide cathodes · Interfaces
1 Introduction Driven by the emergence of electric vehicles, great efforts have recently been devoted to the development of better rechargeable lithium ion batteries in terms of higher specific energy density, longer cycle lifes and better safety [1]. Although significant efforts have been devoted to lithium ion batteries based on organic liquid electrolytes in the past 30 years, the limited electrochemical and thermal stability, low ion selectivity and poor safety of organic liquid * Xiaoxiong Xu [email protected] * Xiayin Yao [email protected] 1
Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China
2
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
Zhejiang Funlithium New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China
4
Ganfeng Lithium Co., Ltd., Xinyu 338015, Jiangxi, China
electrolyte-based lithium ion batteries hinder application. In particular, the combustible characteristic of organic electrolytes is a significant security risk for vehicle or grid applications that require large battery sizes. Here, the replacement of liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes is regarded to be the ultimate solution to these problems in which the nonflammable nature of solid electrolytes can avoid fire and explosion even in a large scale [2–7]. Based on this, a variety of solid i
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